SUMMARY The effects of progesterone administration on the weight and composition of the body have been studied in rats. Female rats injected with 5 mg. progesterone/day initially gained weight at an average rate of 2 g./day, compared with 0·4 g./day for controls. When treatment was continued for a month or more their weight stabilized at 40–50 g. above the control level. The bodies of the progesterone-treated rats contained increased amounts of water, fat and solids other than fat. These effects were smoothly related to the dose of progesterone. In terms of percentage composition, fat increased at the expense of the other two constituents. The composition of the fat-free solids did not change, but the proportion of water in the fat-free body increased. About a tenth of the gain of live weight was accounted for by an increase in the contents of the alimentary tract. The composition of the rest was equivalent, typically, to 43% lean tissue, 26% water additional to that in the lean tissue, and 31% fat. Male rats treated with progesterone showed no changes other than a small gain of water. It seems likely that in females progesterone reproduces the changes in body composition which occur in pregnancy. The gain of lean tissue seems to reflect increased growth it, and the accumulation of fat, may both be consequences of the production of a positive energy balance.
Objective To explore the impact of body mass index BMI or pregnancy weight gain on the presence, site and severity of genital tract trauma at childbirth in nulliparous women. Methods The present study is a sub-analysis of a prospective cohort of healthy nulliparous women recruited during pregnancy and followed through birth. Weight gain during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy BMI were recorded. At birth, women underwent detailed mapping of genital tract trauma. For analyses, women were dichotomized into obese(BMI ≥30) versus non obese(BMI <30) at baseline as well as into those who gained weight as recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and those who gained more than the recommended amount to determine the impact of obesity or excessive weight gain on rates of genital tract trauma. Results Data from 445 women were available for analysis. Presence and severity of genital tract trauma did not vary between obese and non-obese women (P = NS). Likewise women who gained more than the IOM recommended weight did not have a higher incidence of perineal lacerations (53% vs 51% with perineal lacerations, P= .61). Obese women were more likely to gain in excess of the IOM guidelines during pregnancy (75% vs 50% excessive weight gain, obese vs non-obese women, P<0.001). Conclusion A woman’s BMI or excessive weight gain in pregnancy did not influence her risk of genital tract trauma at birth.
Congenitally obese Zucker rats showed greater food intake, less running in activity wheels and greater body weight and fat content than the normal phenotype. Their food intake, running and body weight did not change significantly with the phase of the oestrous cycle. Ovariectomy had no effect on these variables or on body composition. Oestradiol replacement had little effect. Zucker rats of normal weight, however, showed a normal pattern of responses to the oestrous cycle, ovariectomy and oestradiol administration. The central regulation of energy balance and body weight appear to be insensitive to oestrogens in the obese Zucker rat.
189rate and thus afford equally as good results as for photon therapy in HPO or irradiation with fast neutrons. Such a trial might conflict with the individual preferences of radiotherapists but not with ethical considerations. Also it should be undertaken before less advanced, more curable cancers are submitted to trial by radiotherapeutic management by the techniques of HPO-photon or neutron therapy, whose advantages necessarily remain sub judice for lack of decisive information about optimal fractionation of dose "in air."
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