Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in regenerating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD þ ) from nicotinamide in mammals. NAMPT has crucial roles for many cellular functions by regulating NAD þ -dependent SIRT1 deacetylase. However, roles of NAMPT in cancer are poorly defined. In this study, we show that NAMPT is prominently overexpressed in human prostate cancer cells along with SIRT1. Elevation of NAMPT expression occurs early for the prostate neoplasia. Inhibition of NAMPT significantly suppresses cell growth in culture, soft agar colony formation, cell invasion and growth of xenografted prostate cancer cells in mice. NAMPT knockdown sensitizes prostate cancer cells to oxidative stress caused by H 2 O 2 or chemotherapeutic treatment. Overexpression of NAMPT increases prostate cancer cell resistance to oxidative stress, which is partially blocked by SIRT1 knockdown. We demonstrate that in addition to modulating SIRT1 functions, the NAMPT inhibition reduces forkhead box, class 'O' (FOXO)3a protein expression and its downstream anti-oxidant genes catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase. Our results suggest important roles of concomitant upregulation of NAMPT and SIRT1 along with increased FOXO3a protein level for prostate carcinogenesis and their contribution to oxidative stress resistance of prostate cancer cells. These findings may have implications for exploring the NAMPT pathway for prostate cancer prevention and treatment.
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT), using δ-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), in the elimination of premalignant cervical lesions in Mexican patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and/or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Thirty women diagnosed with CIN I and/or positive for HPV participated in the study. Topical 6% 5-ALA in gel form was applied to the uterine cervix; after 4 h, the lesion area was irradiated with a light dose of 200 J cm at 635 nm. This procedure was performed three times at 48-h intervals. Clinical follow-up was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after the initial PDT administration, by colposcopy, cervical cytology, histopathological analysis, polymerase chain reaction, and hybrid capture. Of HPV-infected patients without evidence of CIN I, 80% cleared the infection, while HPV associated with CIN I was eliminated in 83% of patients (P < 0.05). At 12 months, CIN I had regressed in 57% of patients, although this response was not statistically significant. PDT using 6% 5-ALA is concluded to be effective in eliminating HPV infection associated or not with CIN I.
Los medios de sustento de la sociedad en general y los ecosistemas naturales están siendo afectados negativamente por el cambio climático. Ante esto, surgen alternativas como la bioeconomía que busca disminuir el impacto ambiental y el cambio climático a través de sus principales senderos. De esta forma, el propósito de este estudio fue indagar el potencial de desarrollo de la bioeconomía en Honduras, considerando el aporte del sector agrícola al Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) del país. El estudio se desarrolló durante el año 2021 y el enfoque utilizado fue la investigación bibliográfica, a través de la revisión sistemática de literatura. Los resultados muestran que durante el período del 2015 al 2020, la contribución del sector agrícola en Honduras se mantuvo en 14%, ocupando el tercer lugar después del sector de industria manufacturera y la intermediación financiera. Ahora bien, en relación a la bioeconomía fue posible establecer contribuciones puntuales en los siguientes senderos: a) Valoración de la diversidad biológica, b) Eco intensificación, c) Aplicaciones de biotecnología, d) Servicios eco sistémicos, e) Competitividad de las cadenas de valor, y f) Biorefinería y bioproductos. Como conclusión se tiene que el tema de bioeconomía en Honduras se inclina hacia la biotecnología y la biorefinería. Aunque ambos senderos involucran tecnologías poco accesibles a pequeños productores agropecuarios. Por lo tanto, es primordial el desarrollo participativo de políticas y estrategias de bioeconomía para el área de productos y servicios, lo que mejoraría la competitividad y desarrollo sostenible del país.
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