Влияние метода анестезии на возникновение послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов пожилого возраста при операциях в гинекологии Influence of anesthetic techniques on occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing gynecological surgeryPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a disorder that develops in the early postoperative period, persisting for several days or weeks and leading to decrease in higher cortical functions (speech, memory, attention, etc.). POCD is often associated with anesthetic techniques and drugs. This paper studied the effect of general, neuraxial and combined anesthesia on POCD development in elderly women undergoing gynecological surgery. The study featured 43 patients (mean age 65,0 ± 2.2 years). There were 12 women in the general anesthesia group, 23 in the neuraxial anesthesia group, and 8 women in the combined anesthesia group. Intraoperative monitoring included electrocardiography, non-invasive blood pressure measurement, determination of blood oxygen saturation level (rSO 2 ) and determination of bispectral index (BIS monitoring). A day before surgery and on the 5th day after the surgery, neuropsychological tests were carried out through tracking test, Mini-Mental State Examination and frontal assessment battery. All intraoperative indicators were normal in all the patients. POCD was diagnosed in 3 women who were under general anesthesia, in 7 women under neuraxial anesthesia and 2 under the combined group (25, 30 and 25 % relative to the total number of patients in the groups, respectively). The average rSO 2 value was below the initial level in all groups: below by 6 % in the general anesthesia group, by 15 % in the neuraxial group, and by 10 % in the combined group. However, the differences were statistically insignificant (p >0.05). The study found no relationship between anesthetic techniques and POCD.Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция (ПОКД) -расстройство, развивающееся в ранний послеоперацион-ный период, сохраняющееся в течение нескольких дней или недель и проявляющееся снижением высших корковых функций (речи, памяти, внимания и др.). Возникновение ПОКД часто связывают с методом анестезиологического обеспечения и препаратами. В работе изучено влияние общей, нейроаксиальной и сочетанной анестезии на развитие ПОКД у женщин пожилого и старческого возраста при операциях в гинекологии. В исследование включили 43 паци-ентки (средний возраст -65,0 ± 2,2 года). В группе с общей анестезией было 12 женщин, с нейроаксиальной -23, с сочетанной -8. Интраоперационный мониторинг включал снятие электрокардиограммы, неинвазивное измерение артериального давления, определение уровня насыщения крови кислородом (rSO 2 ), определение биспектрального индекса (BIS-мониторинг). За день до операции и на 5-й день после нее проводили нейропсихологическое тестирова-ние с помощью теста слежения, краткой шкалы оценки психического статуса и батареи оценки лобной функции. Все интраоперационные показатели у всех пациенток были в норме. ПОКД была диагнос...
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