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Existing data point to a link, within the general population, between polymorphic variants of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR SLC6A4) and catechol-O-methyltransferase on the one hand and the processing of information related to emotional facial expressions on the other. Schizophrenia patients are characterized by a defi cit in the recognition of mimicked emotional expressions, which has adverse effects on their social adaptation. With the aim of seeking the molecular mechanisms of this defi cit, we have assessed the main and epistatic effects of these polymorphisms on the recognition of emotions among schizophrenia patients (n = 299) and healthy control subjects (n = 232). The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism showed a signifi cant relationship with the recognition of emotions by patients. Homozygotes for the long allele identifi ed facial emotions signifi cantly better than carriers of the short allele (F = 8.00, p = 0.005). Although the recognition of emotions in the patients group correlated with negative symptoms, verbal learning, and trait anxiety, these signs did not have signifi cant modifying infl uences on the association detected here. COMT was found to have no effect on the recognition of emotions either in normal subjects or in schizophrenia patients.

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This paper presents mathematical models and optimal algorithms of two FIFO-queues control in single-level memory. These models are designed as two-dimensional random walks on the integer lattice in a rectangular area for consecutive implementation and a triangle area for linked list implementation.

Tumor antigens recognized by CTLs have been identified several years ago and are major targets for creating anticancer vaccines. PRAME is an antigen which is highly expressed in various malignant tumors including melanomas and hematopoietic malignancies such as acute and chronic leukemias (AML, CML). Technology for producing recombinant antigen PRAME is based on creating a bacterial producer strain containing cDNA of human PRAME gene. We have obtained two producers of recombinant PRAME protein and its N-half, the synthesis of the target protein in the producers occurs in the inclusion bodies. The schemes of isolation and purification of soluble proteins have been developed. The protein purity was approximately 95-96%. The monoclonal antibodies raised against truncated recombinant PRAME were used for PRAME protein analysis by Western blot on the various tumor cells. Specific monoclonal antibodies recognized the native PRAME protein in tumor cell lines as well as in tumor samples from patients. Our findings support the suggestion that this recombinant antigen may be further used as a target for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The monoclonal antibodies can be used for immunoassays of tumor samples from patients with hematologic malignancies to reveal clinical features and to monitor tumor progression.

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We consider the problem to manage two stacks in two-level memory. It is assumed that the tops of the stacks grow towards one another in the fast memory to which several processors are allowed to have simultaneous access, and the size of the stacks exceeds that of the fast memory. The fast memory stores the tops of the stacks only, while the remaining parts are stored in the second level memory. If the top of one of the stacks becomes empty or the stacks fill all the fast memory, that is, the stack overflow occurs, then a swapping to the second level memory is performed in such a way that each time a certain state of the memory is set and the next step starts. We study how to choose such a state of the memory in order to maximise the average time before the next swapping to the second level memory.The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grants 01-01-00113 and 03-01-06415.Large stack. We make the stack very large and assume that an overflow will never occur; an overflow causes abnormal termination.Demand fed single element stack manager. In this case the top of stack is hardware realised as a circular buffer and the rest of the stack is stored in the memory. As an overflow or underflow of the stack occurs, an element (or several elements) are moved from the buffer to the memory or vice versa.Paging stack manager. The top of stack is software realised as a part of dedicated memory. When the top of stack is emptied, the half of the buffer is copied from the memory, and when a stack overflow occurs, the lower half of the buffer is moved to the memory and the upper half is moved to the beginning of the buffer.