ABSTRAKSungai Cikapundung merupakan anak sungai DAS Citarum Hulu yang digunakan untuk sumber air baku air minum, irigasi dan perikanan di Kota Bandung. Sungai Cikapundung yang melewati Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Kota Bandung dan Kabupaten Bandung berpotensi tercemar oleh limbah dari sektor domestik. Namun saat ini belum ada informasi mengenai beban pencemar terhadap Sungai Cikapundung dari sektor domestik. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pencemaran di Sungai Cikapundung dengan menghitung, status mutu air, potensi beban pencemaran sektor domestik. Status mutu air ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode indeks pencemar dan potensi beban pencemaran Sungai Cikapundung dihitung menggunakan pendekatan faktor emisi limbah domestik. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menunjukan bahwa Sungai Cikapundung pada tahun 2016 memiliki kriteria mutu air cemar sedang pada bulan kering dan cemar ringan di bulan basah. Sungai Cikapundung telahtercemar limbah domestik berdasarkan hasil perhitungan beban pencemar mengalami kenaikan seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2021 oleh 25.383,89 Kg/ hari TSS, 17.537,96 kg/hari BOD, 18.461,01 kg/hari COD, 889,97 kg/hari N-Total dan 96,92 Kg/hari P-Total.Kata kunci: Beban Pencemar, Domestik Cikapundung, Kualitas AirABSTRACTCikapundung river is the sub river of upper Citarum River which was used by the people in Bandung city as a raw water for drinking water, irrigation and fishery. Cikapundung river that passes through many districts of Bandung have a great potential of being polluted by from domestic waste. This condition will affects the water quality of Cikapundung water. Having this condition, the urgency of conducting the research for measure the polution level at Cikapundung river was reasonable, with calculating the water quality status, the potential polutions domestic sector. Water quality status is determined by using pollution index method and potential pollution load of Cikapundung River using domestic polution emission factor approach. Result of pollutant index calculation Cikapundung River at 2016 in dry months has severe polluted water quality. Cikapundung watershed contaminated with domestic waste in the calculation of polluted pollutant potency in 2016 by 25.383,89 Kg / day TSS, 17,537.96 kg / day BOD, 18.461.01 kg / day COD, 889.97 kg / day N-Total and 96.92 Kg / day P-Total.Keywords: Pollution Load, Cikapundung Domestic, Water.
Abstrak Sungai Lamat merupakan salah satu sungai yang ada di Kabupaten Magelang yang berpotensi mengalami pencemaran. Pencemaran sungai ini dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya ekosistem sungai dan dapat merugikan masyarakat yang memanfaatkan sungai tersebut. Pencemaran sungai dapat dikendalikan dengan cara inventarisasi dan pemetaan sumber pencemar yang berpotensi mencemari Sungai Lamat dan penentuan status mutu air Sungai Lamat. Pemetaan sumber pencemar dilakukan dengan mengolah data yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Penentuan status mutu air dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (KepMen LH No. 115 Tahun 2003). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Lamat berpotensi tercemar oleh limbah rumah tangga dan limbah industri, baik yang berupa limbah cair maupun limbah padat. Berdasarkan penentuan status mutu air menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran, status mutu air Sungai Lamat dari tahun ke tahun bervariasi, dari "baik" hingga "cemar ringan". Abstract Lamat River, located in Magelang Regency, has a potential to contamination. A contaminated river is not only hazardous for the ecosystem but also for the people who use the river. River pollution can be controlled using the inventory and mapping of pollutant sources that potentially contaminate the Lamat River as well as the determination of water quality status of Lamat River. The mapping of pollutant sources was conducted by processing the data collected using GIS (Geographic Information System). The water quality status was determined using Pollution Index Method (KepMen LH No. 115 Year 2003). The result shows that the Lamat River is potentially contaminated by household and industrial wastes, both in the form of liquid and solid wastes. Based on the determination of water quality status using Pollution Index Method, the status of water quality of Lamat River varies from year to year, from 'good' to 'mildly contaminated'. 1. PENDAHULUAN Air merupakan salah satu kebutuhan vital bagi manusia. Keberadaan air di bumi selalu terjaga dengan adanya siklus hidrologi. Akan tetapi bukan berarti jumlah air yang dapat dimanfaatkan manusia tidak terbatas. Keberlangsungan siklus hidrologi dapat terganggu akibat adanya kerusakan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). DAS merupakan daerah yang dibatasi punggung-punggung gunung dimana air hujan yang jatuh pada daerah tersebut akan ditampung oleh punggung gunung tersebut dan akan dialirkan melalui sungai-sungai kecil ke sungai utama (Asdak, 2010). Selain terganggunya siklus hidrologi,
Small islands are often promoted as a tourism destination in spite of the limited fresh water resources availability that they could retain for daily needs. In this context, efforts to provide fresh water resources sustainable in the small island are necessary to support the tourism destination purpose. This study aims to estimate the carrying capacity of the fresh water resources in Pari Island. The estimation method is the ratio between the fresh water availability and its demand by calculating the island size, aquifer thickness, annual rainfall, hydraulic conductivity or soil permeability, and the application of rainwater harvesting technology (RHT). The result shows that the carrying capacity of the fresh water resources without technological intervention in Pari Island is 2.05. Even though this score indicates the safe level, the measure has not taken the water quality into consideration yet. Expectedly, it could be improved by applying the RHT technology but it results in the carrying capacity score of 1.37 and 1.47 (conditionally safe) for the current state and 25-year future prediction respectively. This study recommends the improvements in tourism management by limiting the visitor number in order to support their sustainability for the local livelihood and Pari Island’s ecosystem conservation.
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