This study aims to reveal the kinship relationship of Javanese and Gayo languages seen from some vocabulary similarities, as well as estimate the time separation with the run of error. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative with the techniques refer to note. This research data is a vocabulary in BJ and BG obtained from various wr i tten sources and informant interview. From 200 words Swadesh to BJ and BG there are 13% ie 25 words pairs of relatives. These data provide evidence that BJ and BG are not close relatives because the core vocabulary equation is less than 36% or part of sub-grouping. But the language of both comes from the same pilum or stock. Both languages have identical word pairs that are all similar phonemes of 16 relatives couples; 12 relatives couples have a phonemic correspondence; 9 relatives couples who are phonetically similar; and 13 relatives couples who have a different phoneme. The time of split of both languages was 3,393 thousands of years ago. It is thought that this second language was a single language about 3.4 thousands years ago and is thought to have begun to separate from a proto language about the 5th century BC. It is estimated that the age of both languages is a single language on 4,712 + 335 years ago and at 5,047+335 years ago.
Abstract The purpose of this research are to describe about management karawitan extracurricular, to know the factor that supports and influence karawitan extracurricular, to know the result that reached in management karawitan and relation with value of nation culture in SDN Gendengan. The type of research used by researches is qualitative research. This research was conducted at SDN Gendengan, Margodadi, Seyegan, Sleman. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis technique in this research is triangulation data. The result of research abaout management karawitan extracuricular at SDN Gendengan consist of : planning held every new academic that planed such as schedule, material, karawitan extracurricular teacher, student and budget. Organizing in form of structures in which there are personnel according to their duties. Implementation of karawitan extracurrucular is used the teah student in art. The purpose of karawitan extracurricular is to make student to better person in the educational goals. The material given is gending dolanan. The metod is lecture and demonstration. The activity held one a week for every class after intracurricular. Evaluation held every six month consist of the participant and the result of learning. The influence of karawitan extracurricuar is school doens’t have gamelan tools, the distance to the practice place is so far and lack of teachers. The value nation culture through karawitan extracurricular is togetherness, politeness, smoothness, consentration, and tolerance Keywords : management extracurricular, the value is sublime
Changes in meaning or semantic changes are the area of diachronic linguistics. The Acehnese language is a derivative of the Proto-Austronesian (PAN) language that has had changes in the meaning of its lexicon that have become the object of this interesting study. It is aimed at explaining examples of changes in meaning in the Acehnese etynom based on four basic types of changes of meaning categorized according to Crowley and Bowern (2010). The data was taken from the English Finder list of Reconstruction in Austronesian Languages reconstructed (Wurm & Wilson, 1975). The selected data from the results of this study was then confirmed by six native speakers’ expert in the actual use of the Acehnese language. The results showed that some original meanings from PAN have become broader, some narrower, some have bifurcated and some have shifted in meaning.
This study aims to describe the lingual form, which is a manifestation of the understanding of the speech community of the environment towards its environmental dimension. The theory used in this research is ecolinguistic. Data in the form of basic lexicons and affixed lexicons related to the marine environment were collected through interviews with informants. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by grouping them based on the word class, environmental category, and the affixation process contained in the affixed words. The results of the study show that many marine environmental lexicons which are divided into noun lexicon and verb lexicon. The noun lexicon is divided into four lexicon categories, namely: (1) Marine Environmental Fauna Lexicon (88 lexicons); (2) Flora of the Marine Environment Flora (9 lexicons); (3) Lexicon of Facilities / Infrastructure for Marine Environmental Activities (16 lexicons); and (4) Nominal Environmental Lexicon (7 lexicons). The number of vocabulary that is still recorded in the cognition of the Barus coastal Malay language community indicates that the community is very familiar with its environment and therefore the vocabularies are preserved.
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