The purpose of this study was to establish a strong culpability decision and implement Just Culture in organizations. The research methodology was based on a quantitative questionnaire that contained a variety of questions and statements related to the role of Just Culture, with an emphasis on safety management systems, commitment to safety, safety training, level of support and recognition for safety within the organization, and how the organization managed blame and punishment. The findings of the study demonstrated clearly what should be reported, how it should be submitted in accordance with the information obtained, how to report using an unfriendly system, and what guarantees were available after reporting. All respondents concurred that all employees should comprehend and implement Just Culture. It should always be incorporated and implemented in regular tasks since safety is a necessity, not merely a duty. Additionally, the key findings from discussion method and interviews with the top management team addressed the existing issues with Just Culture, as well as how the Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) in Indonesia builds strong culpability decisions and handles blame and punishment (determine culpability decision). Indonesia Air Navigation (The ANSP in Indonesia) intended to define acceptable and unacceptable behavior criteria, and more than ninety percent of the survey respondents agreed.
ICAO document 9859 mandates that six stakeholders in its member countries are required to implement a Safety Management System (SMS). The support of all personnel in the organization's efforts to achieve aviation safety must be supported by safety management training. The implementation of online SMS training provides a pedagogical challenge for the instructor, so, methods are needed to stimulate the 4Cs: critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. These challenges must be faced, one of which is using a simulator media that has pedagogical advantages that not only help teachers but are also expected to provide a more realistic learning experience. This research has succeeded in implementing a web-based Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) application product that is integrated with safety reporting and can be accessed by all students. The product presents tables and graphs that are used as evidence of formal processes in safety documentation and safety monitoring activities with real conditions in the field. This product also has a General Risk Assessment Process simulation feature that can be used for risk mapping activities for training participants as well as standardized presentation materials. The results of the user experience test show a positive response with an average value above 0.8, representing an application's pragmatic and hedonic aspects.
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