No abstract

This study was conducted to assess the influence of different salinity and irrigation water treatments on the growth and development of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Five salinity levels (0.4, 1.00, 2.50, 4.00 and 8.00 dSm-1) and three different irrigation water regimes (80, 100, 120% of full irrigation) were applied in a factorial design with three replications. Dry root weight, aerial part dry weight and aerial part/root ratio were determined and evaluated as experimental parameters at the end of growing period. Results revealed significant decreases in yields with increasing salinity levels. However, basil managed to survive high salt stress. With increasing salinity levels, decreases in growth were higher in roots than in leaves. Changes in the amount of irrigation water also significantly affected the evaluated parameters.

Hypericum pruinatum is a medicinal herb containing several bioactive compounds with important pharmacological activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of the salt (0.03 -control, 1, 2.5, 4 and 8 dS m -1 of MgSO4, CaCl2 and NaCl salts) and drought stress (80, 100 and 120% of required water) on the content of phenolic compounds, namely chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercetine, quercitrine and quercetine in greenhouse grown plantlets. In general, the salt stress especially in elevating doses increased the levels of all of the compounds analysed, whereas drought stress did not cause a significant chance in chemical content of the plantlets. The present results indicated that abiotic stress factors, particularly salinity, have a marked influence on the content of phenolic constituents in H. pruinatum and it is a salt tolerant species. The results also indicated that phenolic compounds play a significant physiological role in salinity tolerance.

Summary Basma tobaccos, in addition to Izmir and Samsun type tobaccos, are the most important high-quality oriental tobacco types grown in Turkey. This research was carried out to determine the effects of a variety of environmental conditions, in four locations on different altitudes on the yield as well as on nicotine, sugar and phenolic substances content. The plant material of the study included 21 Basma lines, which were selected according to their morphological differences and from genotypes separated by DNA fingerprint analysis, and four standard cultivars/lines (checks). The quality grade index of the genotypes was determined by the American grading method and chemical analyses were carried out using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. All the parameters investigated indicated that genotypes were significantly affected by the variation in environmental conditions. Organoleptic observations showed that the quality grade index of genotypes ranged from 24.17 to 100%, and the ERB-7, ERB-13, ERB-15, ERB-19 and ERB-38 lines had the best quality. Nicotine contents of tobacco lines were between 0.31 and 3.15% dry matter (DM). Glucose, fructose and their sum (reducing sugar) contents of genotypes ranged from 1.16 to 8.88% DM, from 2.60 to 8.66% DM and from 4.44 to 15.03% DM, respectively. The ERB-21 and ERB-30 lines are noteworthy tobacco types in terms of reducing sugar contents. The values of chlorogenic acid, one of the phenolic compounds, ranged from 40.67 to 1119.76 ppm, the values of rutin from 121.05 to 1021.53 ppm, and the sum of these two phenolic compounds was from 174.94 ppm to 2019.41 ppm. The effect of variations in the environment on the quality of Oriental tobacco can be clearly explained by the variations in the parameters.

Advanced pure lines, which are in different genetic and vegetative characteristics determined in a breeding program initiated in 2013, were included to the yield tests in the region before registration. Chemical and morphological variability and stability of 13 advanced pure tobacco lines and 2 standard varieties were determined in two different locations. The experimental layout was random blocks with three replications and the experiment was carried out in 2016 and 2017. Plant height values ranged from 85.25 to 156.71 cm, the number of leaves from 22.43 to 41.71 leaf plant -1 , leaf width ranged from 9.35 to 11.52 cm, leaf length from 17.36 to 21.89 cm, yield from 1371.9 to 1756.7 kg ha -1 , quality grade index from 67.33 to 81.58%, nicotine content from 1.02 to 1.98% and glucose content from 3.33 to 9.33%. The lines 16, 21, 26 and 45 were identified as strong variety candidates suitable for the region based on all the parameters and the statistical conditions examined. The use of biplots that the environments were distributed on axes, enabled to make location-based variety recommendations. The biplot graph based on environment and genotype interaction was used in the recommedations of tobacco variety for each location.

No abstract

Türkiye'nin sahip olduğu coğrafik konum sayesinde oluşan genel bitki çeşitliliği ve doğal zenginliği, salep orkidesi türlerine de yansımıştır. Nitekim Türkiye orta kuşak salep orkideleri bakımından Avrupa ve Ortadoğu'nun en zengin bölgesidir. Türkiye'nin her köşesinde salep türleri ile karşılaşmak mümkündür. Bu zenginliğe bağlı olarak yüzyıllardır Anadolu topraklarında salep yumruları toplanmış ve kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan bu eserde geçmişten günümüze salebin kullanım amaçları, toplama kayıtları ve yasal düzenlemelere yer verilmiştir.

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a plant grown for leaves. Leaves are dried and fermented to use in tobacco products. Oriental tobacco is widely consumed in the world due to its good aroma qualities. For this, different chemical and quality properties of Oriental tobacco lines, which have undergone small changes over time, have been examined. The samples (27 lines and 1 variety (Xanthi 2A)) obtained from tobacco lines grown in three different locations (Bagpinar, Evciler and Yenice) in Tokat and Canakkale were used in this study. Quality index, nicotine, glucose, fructose, chlorogenic acid and rutin amounts were determined to investigate the effect of geographical environment on tobacco lines. Chemical analyzes were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. The data obtained from the chromatographic analyzes and quality index were evaluated by using principal component analysis. These three different locations were generally separated and clustered. Due to its geographical locations, genotypes better adapted in the Bagpinar location.