Interactions between the immune system and the brain are a key element in the pathophysiology of diseases such as multiple sclerosis, neuroAIDS, and Alzheimer's, which affect large numbers of individuals and are associated with a high social cost. However, the neuroanatomical basis of brain-immune interactions has not been elucidated. We report that in Wistar rats of either sex bilateral electrolytic lesion of the medial forebrain bundle reduces body weight by 28% 7 days after lesioning, and causes widespread infections, aphagia, adypsia, structural damage to the lymphoid organs and heavy depression of T lymphocytes cytotoxicity. The following alterations occur in the immune system after those lesions: the weight of the thymus, spleen and lymphonodes is reduced by 77.9%, 49.1% and 48.4%, respectively. The thymus is atrophied and contains fewer lymphoid cells in the cortex than in the medulla. In the spleen the white pulp is reduced and lymphoid cells from periarteriolar zones and at the chords are almost absent. In lymph nodes cortical small lymphocytes are depleted and primary and secondary nodules and germinal centers all but disappear. Cytotoxicity of lymphocytes is reduced by 86.2% in the thymus, 77.6% in the spleen and 70.2% in lymph nodes. The critical area of lesion is at the medialmost portion of the medial forebrain bundle, at the preoptic area and rostral part of the anterior hypothalamus. We suggest that this area contains neural circuits that are crucial for keeping the structure of lymphoid organs and the functional integrity of the immune system.
RESUMO -Os autores avaliam os linfócitos T (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/8) por anticorpos monoclonais e rosácea em 20 pacientes e linfócitos B por Fab' por imunofluorescência em 9 pacientes com miastenia grave. Observam elevação significante na população de linfócito B e redução nos linfócitos T totais CD3+ por rosáceas. Não foram observadas modificações nas subpopulações celulares com timectomia e corticosteróides.
Evaluation of circulant lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis by monoclonal antibodies.SUMMARY -A significant decline of CD3 cell detected by rosettes and a significant increased of B cell populations were observed. The total CD3+, helper CD4+ and suppressor CD8+ T-cell subsets showed no significant variation em relation to sex, age thymectomy and corticotherapy by monoclonal antibodies.Evidências imunológicas na miastenia grave (MG) se expressam pela presença de auto-anticorpos 4 -i5. Ocorrem produção de anticorpo contra o receptor de acetilcolina (AAChR) e dificuldades na transmissão nervosa na junção neuromuscular (JNM)2> 6 . Esse processo é o resultado final da estimulação policlonal dos linfóticosB? A interação de inúmeros fatores -genético, hormonal, ambiental e estímulo antigê-nico -propicia modificações no microambiente do timo, com alterações da barreira hemotímica. As relações timo-MG são amplas no aspecto histopatológico, imunológico e terapêutico 1.18.Ocorre maturação progressiva dos linfócitos T até segregação de fenotipos de células auxiliadoras (CD4+), supressoras (CD8 + ) e totais (CD3 + ), funcionalmente maduras n . Há aumento das células B e Tg e redução das células T 2,11,14,19.Possivelmente ocorra modificação inicial na célula T-H (auxiliadora). A intensidade e duração de reação imune no circuito são determinadas por mensagens (interleucinas) entre os diferentes tipos celulares 6,10,16.Desequilibrios no sistema podem concorrer para o estado de doença 9-12,15,16.Contrastando com a imunidade humoral, os resultados das pesquisas na imunidade celular na MG têm sido pobres até o momento.O emprego dos anticorpos monoclonais, recentemente, abriu novas perspectivas neste campo, motivo pelo qual, utilizamos este método na avaliação das subpopulações de linfócitos T, em 20 pacientes com MG.
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