Tomorrow’s agriculture, challenged by increasing global demand for food, scarcity of arable lands, and resources alongside multiple environment pressures, needs to be managed smartly through sustainable and eco-efficient approaches. Modern agriculture has to be more productive, sustainable, and environmentally friendly. While macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) supplied by mineral fertilizers are vital to crop production, agriculturally beneficial microorganisms may also contribute directly (i.e., biological N2 fixation, P solubilization, and phytohormone production, etc.) or indirectly (i.e., antimicrobial compounds biosynthesis and elicitation of induced systemic resistance, etc.) to crop improvement and fertilizers efficiency. Microbial-based bioformulations that increase plant performance are greatly needed, and in particular bioformulations that exhibit complementary and synergistic effects with mineral fertilization. Such an integrated soil fertility management strategy has been demonstrated through several controlled and non-controlled experiments, but more efforts have to be made in order to thoroughly understand the multiple functions of beneficial microorganisms within the soil microbial community itself and in interaction with plants and mineral resources. In fact, the combined usage of microbial [i.e., beneficial microorganisms: N2-fixing (NF), P-solubilizing, and P mobilizing, etc.] and mineral resources is an emerging research area that aims to design and develop efficient microbial formulations which are highly compatible with mineral inputs, with positive impacts on both crops and environment. This novel approach is likely to be of a global interest, especially in most N- and P-deficient agro-ecosystems. In this review, we report on the importance of NF bacteria and P solubilizing/mobilizing microbes as well as their interactions with mineral P fertilization in improving crop productivity and fertilizers efficiency. In addition, we shed light on the interactive and synergistic effects that may occur within multi-trophic interactions involving those two microbial groups and positive consequences on plant mineral uptake, crop productivity, and resiliency to environmental constraints. Improving use of mineral nutrients is a must to securing higher yield and productivity in a sustainable manner, therefore continuously designing, developing and testing innovative integrated plant nutrient management systems based on relevant biological resources (crops and microorganisms) is highly required.

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In recent years, the monitoring systems play significant roles in our life. So, in this paper, we propose an automatic weather monitoring system that allows having dynamic and real-time climate data of a given area. The proposed system is based on the internet of things technology and embedded system. The system also includes electronic devices, sensors, and wireless technology. The main objective of this system is sensing the climate parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and existence of some gases, based on the sensors. The captured values can then be sent to remote applications or databases. Afterwards, the stored data can be visualized in graphics and tables form.

Mechanization is a depollution activity, because it provides an energetic and ecological response to the problem of organic waste treatment. Through burning, biogas from mechanization reduces gas pollution from fermentation by a factor of 20. This study aims to better understand the influence of the seasons on the emitted biogas in the landfill of the city Mohammedia. The composition of the biogas that naturally emanates from the landfill has been continuously analyzed by our intelligent system, from different wells drilled in recent and old waste repositories. During the rainy season, the average production of methane, carbon dioxide, and oxygen and nitrogen are currently 56%, 32%, and 1%, respectively, compared to 51%, 31%, and 0.8%, respectively, for old waste.Hazards levels, potential fire, and explosion risks associated with biogas are lower than those of natural gases in most cases. For this reason a system is proposed to measure and monitor the biogas production of the landfill site remotely. Measurement results carried out at various sites of the landfill in the city of Mohammedia by the system show that the biogas contents present dangers and sanitary risks which are of another order.