Background: Nomadic life of Nuaulu Tribe results in rearing pattern, eating pattern, and food consumption which affect their nutritional status.Objective: To identify the relationship between rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake, and nutritional status of under-fives of Nuaulu tribal community at Subdistrict of Amahai, District of Maluku Tengah, Province of Maluku.Method: This was an observational analytical study with cross sectional design. Subjects of the study were 68 under-fives of age 12 to 60 months from Nuaulu Tribal community at Sub district of Amahai. Data of rearing pattern were obtained from interviewing using questionnaire, data of eating pattern from food frequency questionnaire, data of nutrient intake from recall 24 hours, and data of nutritional status from anthropometric measurement. Data analysis used bivariable with chi-square, multivariate with double logistic regression.Results: Most samples had low category of rearing pattern (77.9%) and eating pattern (66.2%); whereas samples intake of energy and protein belonged to adequate category, that were 73.6% and 72.0%, respectively. Nutritional status based on index of weight/age of 20.6% samples belonged to undernourished category and 51.5% samples belonged to stunted category based on index of length/age. There were no significant relationship between rearing pattern and nutritional status based on index of weight/length and weight/age (p > 0.05), but there was relationship between them based on index of length/age (p < 0.05). Eating pattern and nutritional status based on index of weight/length and weight/age had no relationship (p > 0.05), but between eating pattern and nutritional status based on index of length/age had relationship (p < 0,05). There was significant relationship between energy intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age (p < 0.05), but there was not based on weight/length index (p > 0.05). There was significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age (p < 0.05); however the relationship was insignificant based on index of weight/length.Conclusion: There was significant relationship between rearing pattern and nutritional status based on index of length/age and so was between eating pattern and nutritional status based index of length/age. Energy, protein intake and nutritional status based on index of weight/age and length/age also had significant relationship.
Background: The prevalence of malnutrition in Indonesia is still high. One of potential factor contributing to the high prevalence of malnutrition is improper complementary feeding pattern and breast feeding practices. In the community there are three complementary feeding patterns; those are traditional feeding, industries feeding and combination.Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the association between complementary feeding, energy and protein intake, and breast feeding status with nutritional status of infants 0-12 month old.Method: This study used a cross sectional design. Subjects were 151 infants 0-12 month old. Complementary feeding pattern and breast feeding status were collected using interview methods. Energy and protein intakes were collected using food recall methods. Nutritional status was measured using weight for length (WHZ). The chi square test was used to analyze the data.Result: There wasn’t any association between complementary feeding pattern and nutritional status of infants 0-6 m.o. old (p=0.04) and 6-12 month (p=0.62). There wasn’t any association between energy intake and nutritional status of infants 0-6 month old (p=0.40), but there was any association in infants 6-12 month old (p=0.01). Protein intake associated with nutritional status of infants 0-6 m.o. old and 6-12 month old (p=0.033 and p=0.04). Breast feeding status didn’t associated with nutritional status of infants 0-6 month old and 6-12 month old (p=0.689 and p=0.10).Conclusion: Complementary pattern and breast feeding status were not associated with nutritional status. Energy intake was associated with nutritional status of infants 6-12 month old. Protein intake associated with nutritional status of infants 0-6 month old and 6-12 month old.
Background: Low quality and quantity of food and limited knowledge on nutrition are major cause of malnutrition among pregnant mothers. Nutrition counseling is expected to improve nutrition status of pregnant mothers.Objective: To identify the effect of nutrition counseling to nutrition status of chronic energy malnourished pregnant mothers.Method: The study was a quasi experiment which used pretest – posttest control group design. Subject of the study were pregnant mothers with upper arm circle < 23.5 cm. The study was conducted at 2 health centers which had high prevalence of chronic energy malnourished pregnant mothers in Palembang Municipality. Nutrition counseling was given every 2 weeks within 3 months. Data obtained were food consumption every 2 weeks at 6 times (multiple recall), weight gain and measurement of upper arm circle once a month and knowledge of the subject about nutrition.Results: There was difference in knowledge of mothers who got nutrition counseling from those who did not (p<0.05). There was difference in energy consumption of mothers who got nutrition counseling from those who did not (p<0.05). There was no difference in protein consumption between mothers who got nutrition counseling and those who did not (p<0.05). There was difference in weight and upper arm circle of mothers who got nutrition counseling and those who did not (p<0.05).Conclusion: Nutrition counseling affected increase of knowledge, energy consumption, weight and upper arm circle. Nutrition counseling did not affect increase of protein consumption.
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