Low glycemic index (GI) and/or low glycemic load (GL) are associated with decreased risks of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It is therefore relevant to consider GI and GL in the early phases of the development of packaged foods and beverages. This paper proposes a model that predicts GI and GL from macronutrient composition, by quantifying both the impact of glycemic carbohydrates and the GI-lowering effects of nutrients such as proteins, fats and fibers. The precision of the model is illustrated using data on 42 breakfast cereals. The predictions of GI (r = 0.90, median residual = 2.0) and GL (r = 0.96, median residual = 0.40 g) compete well with the precision of the underlying in-vivo data (Standard Error SE = 3.5 for GI). This model can guide product development towards lowering GI and GL, before final confirmation by in vivo testing.
Three techniques to prevent moisture transfer in a multidomain food system constituted by a cookie in contact with a moist filling were investigated: reducing the water activity difference between components, reducing the effective moisture diffusivity of the cereal-based component, and applying an edible moisture barrier at the interface between components. Shelf-life of the food product was extended by 6 days by decreasing the water activity of the moist filling in contact from 0.99 to 0.64 (cookie aw being 0.23, 20°C). Decreasing effective moisture diffusivity from 1.56 to 0.99*10-11 m²/s by the addition of 2.35 g of fat in the formulation of the cookie was limited by technological and organoleptic considerations and allowed an extension of shelf-life of 2 more days. From a technical and nutritional point of view, the application of a sprayed edible barrier at the surface of the cookie was the more effective solution increasing shelf life of almost 8 days for only 1.7 g of fat per cookie.
calprotectin and MPO in plasma showed statistically significant differences in related to neoadjuvant treatment. (Figure 2). Conclusion* The observed correlation between the values of the different markers and neutrophils' levels suggests their validity as biomarkers of NETosis. For the first time, we describe an increase in NETosis markers in ascites of advanced HGSOC, which could show the contribution of NETosis in the progression of HGSOC in the pelvic microenvironment. Furthermore, cfDNA in plasma could represent a minimally invasive diagnostic biomarker for HGSOC that could reduce the pre-surgical rate of false positives.
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