Two hundred and thirty-five sheltered housing tenants (59 men and 176 women) were investigated by using the 24-h dietary recall and checklist devised by the Nutrition Advisory Group on the Elderly (NAGE) to estimate their energy and nutrient intakes, and by measuring their body weight and demi-span to calculate ratios of weight to demi-span. Sixty seven per cent had energy intakes below the mean previously recorded in a national survey of old people living at home, but most had an adequate intake of protein, while, in 44%, the proportion of energy consumed as fat exceeded 35%. For most nutrients, few tenants had intakes below the lower recommended nutrient intake (LRNI). Exceptions were that there were 64% with pyridoxine intakes and 63% with vitamin D intakes below this level. Only 18% of men but 74% of women had weight to demi-span ratios below the means recorded in elderly people living at home in another recent survey. There was no correlation between these anthropometric ratios and energy intakes.
Two hundred and thirty‐five tenants living in sheltered housing in Scotland were surveyed to identify the extent of under‐nutrition and the social factors which contribute to its development. A validated 24 h recall and the nutrient checklist published by NAGE were used to evaluate patterns of dietary intake. A questionnaire was developed which included scales designed to measure depression, social engagement, cognitive function, mobility and functional ability. The results show considerable evidence of a number of major nutrients in which there were low intakes. In order to express the extent of poor nutrition, a nutrient score was developed where points are awarded based on the number of nutrients falling below the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake, the Estimated Average Requirement or below half the daily Estimated Average Requirement.
Reports on evaluation of the reliability and consistency with which consumers assessed roast beef L. dorsi by presenting duplicate samples under standardized conditions in a sensory evaluation laboratory. Seven‐point hedonic scales were used, which were designed to assess flavour, tenderness, juiciness and overall eating quality. Results indicate that the samples were evaluated with very high levels of reliability and consistency, despite major differences in the eating qualities of the beef L. dorsi. Variation greater than ± 1 point on the hedonic scale was rare. While Quantitative Descriptive Sensory Profiling (QSP) provides detailed information on the eating qualities of foods, using panellists trained to identify small differences in specific foods, consumers may be used as sensory panellists to provide information on the likely impact on the consuming public. Under certain circumstances, consumers may also be a much more convenient choice for sensory panellists.
Two hundred and thirty-five sheltered housing tenants 159 men and 176 women) were studied to investigate the relationship between age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, mobility, self care ability, mood, cognitive function and social engagement, and energy and nutrient intake and ratio of weight to demi-span. Men had higher energy intakes than women and energy intake had an inverse relationship to age. There was a decline in the weight to demi-span ratio with age which was statistically significant only in women. There was no relationship between physical, mental and social characteristics, and nutritional or anthropometric status.
Describes the sensory evaluation techniques which have been developed and their historical perspective. Outlines the uses to which the different sensory tests can be put together with some of the limitations and practical advantages of each technique.
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