Bacteria associated with marine organisms have become the focus of worldwide research for their potential to generate bioactive substances, such as antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to identify the antibacterial activity of seaweed-associated bacteria in Teluk Awur Jepara, Indonesia, against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Three seaweed species, Caulerpa racemosa, Padina minor, and Halimeda opuntia, were sampled in this study. Their isolates were selected tested for antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria using the paper disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration methods and were molecularly identified based on the 16s RNA gene (27F-1492R). Twenty-one isolates were isolated from the 3 seaweed species: 11 from C. racemosa, 6 from P. minor, and 4 from H. opuntia. Further testing revealed potential isolates (C2a, C2c, C2d, and H2d) with antibacterial activity against P. acnes F2 ATCC 6919 and S. epidermidis FNCC-0048. Gene-based identification using 16s RNA (27F-1492R) demonstrated the occurrence of 4 bacterial species, namely Vibrionaceae bacterium PH25 (99.86 %), Vibrio alginolyticus strain GS MYPK1 (99.65 %), Salinivibrio costicola strain M318 (99.86 %), and V. alginolyticus strain 2014V-1011 (99.93 %). HIGHLIGHTS Bacteria associated with racemosa, P. minor, and H. opuntia can show strong antibacterial properties capable of mitigating the growth of P. acnes F2 ATCC 6919 and S. epidermidis FNCC-0048 Seaweed-associated bacteria and their antibacterial activity against skin disease agents. Gene-based identification using 16s RNA (27F-1492R) demonstrated the occurrence of 4 bacterial species, namely Vibrionaceae bacterium PH25 (99.86 %), Vibrio alginolyticus strain GS MYPK1 (99.65 %), Salinivibrio costicola strain M318 (99.86 %), and alginolyticus strain 2014V-1011 (99.93 %) The major bacteria species on the scalps of those suffering from dandruff, we believe these isolates may be useful for dandruff therapy GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Marina and Baruna Beach are widely recognized as popular beach tourism destinations in Semarang. Its proximity to the main beach estuary causes them to significantly impact marine tourism quality. In addition, their exposure to waste may be a potential threat to biological pollution. Coliform and Escherichia coli are used as bioindicators to monitor the quality of marine tourism due to their high correlation to faecal contamination and pathogenic microbes. Samples collected were beach sand and seawater from Marina Beach, Baruna Beach and the estuary of Semarang Banjir Kanal Barat. Data were collected following the presumptive and confirmed test, followed by the conversion to MPN Table. Data obtained is combined with Government Regulations No. 22 of 2021 in Appendix VIII, specifically seawater quality standards for marine tourism. The results of this study reveal high contamination of coliform and E. coli in both beaches. Coliform result in the swimming zone at Marina Beach was 2800 MPN/100ml and at Baruna Beach was 16000 MPN/100ml. Meanwhile, Escherichia coli in the swimming zone area at Marina Beach was 400 MPN/100ml and at Baruna Beach was 1700 MPN/100ml. Overall, these results show that the contamination rate from both swimming zones is higher than the recommended seawater quality standard for marine tourism Wisata Pantai Marina dan Pantai Baruna menjadi kawasan wisata pantai yang populer di Kota Semarang. Lokasinya yang berdekatan dengan muara sungai utama di Kota ini berdampak terhadap kualitas wisata pantai. Paparan limbah berpotensi menyebabkanpencemaran biologis. Monitoring terhadap bakteri coliform dan bakteri Escherichia coli dapat digunakan sebagai bioindikator kualitas wisata pantai, karena keberadaannya berkorelasi dengan cemaran feses dan mikroba patogen. Sampel berupa pasir pantai dan air laut diambil dari lokasi Pantai Marina, Pantai Baruna, dan muara Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat Kota Semarang. Pengujian sampel dilaksanakan dengan presumtif test dan confirmed test, selanjutnya dikonversi dengan Tabel MPN. Data yang didapatkan akan dipadukan dengan PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 pada Lampiran VIII, yaitu baku mutu air laut untuk wisata bahari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingginya kontaminasi bakteri coliform dan bakteri Escherichia coli dikedua pantai. Hasil coliform pada kawasan swimming zone pada Pantai Marina 2800 MPN/100ml dan Pantai Baruna 16000 MPN/100ml, serta hasil Escherichia coli pada kawasan swimming zone pada Pantai Marina 400 MPN/100ml dan Pantai Baruna 1700 MPN/100ml. Kawasan swimming zone pada wisata Pantai Marina dan Pantai Baruna mempunyai hasil yang melebihi baku mutu air laut untuk wisata bahari.
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