Agricultural and livestock farms are the major sources of freshwater pollution in rural areas in the Philippines. Small and unregulated dairy farms operate without appropriate wastewater treatment before discharge because it is too expensive to do so. With this scenario, the emergence of the need for a sustainable and cheaper alternative for wastewater treatment gave rise to the research and development studies of the efficiency of constructed wetlands. The study aims to analyze the treatment efficiency of series type vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands planted with Napier Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schumach) on University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) Dairy Farm wastewater with a focus on fecal coliform concentration, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids content, nitrite and nitrate concentration and pH level. The study showed that after treatment using the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands, all the parameters except the fecal coliform concentration were below the standard limits set by the Department of Agriculture with average removal efficiencies of 12.94% on Electric Conductivity (EC), 12.86% on Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), 216.44% on Nitrite (NO2-N), -125.64% on Nitrate (NO3-N), and -25.64% on Fecal Coliforms (FC). With the results of the analysis, a design of series type vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for dairy farm wastewater treatment is suggested. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091654 Full Text: PDF
A ten-year integrated solid waste management plan was established for the University of the Philippines Los Baños which complies with the provisions of RA 9003. An end-of-pipe Waste Analysis and Characterization Study (WACS) was performed to identify the classification of wastes in UPLB. Waste generation was found to be 593.67 kg/day on the average and is expected to increase by 2% per year which is 709.49 kg/day on the year 2027. The waste composition by weight of the non-biodegradable wastes are as follows: plastic (55.68%); paper (35.77%); glass bottles (5.22%); metal (2.77%); and residuals (0.55%). A large portion of the wastes, which is 99.45% by weight, are recyclables. The loose density of wastes is 131.93 kg/ m3. Feasible collection points were assigned to improve efficiency of the collection of wastes in the university. Building units inside the campus were clustered and was assigned to dispose wastes to a single temporary storage facility per cluster. There are 181 units of 240-L garbage bin needed for the 39 clusters in UPLB. Two sets of dimensions of a proposed temporary storage facility were provided for the temporary storage facility; 5 2 2.2 m and 3.5 2 2.2 m. Conceptual design and structural plans of the materials recovery facility were provided. Mass balance was performed, and the theoretical diversion efficiency of the materials recovery facility is 99.445%.
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