Urbanization permanently alters land surface hydrological and thermal properties, which, in turn, causes changes in land surface energy and water balances (Bonan et al., 2011). The 'Urban Heat Island' (UHI) effect, which refers to the fact that cities have a higher 2-m air temperature than surrounding rural areas (Akbari et al., 1992;Georgescu et al., 2013;Oke, 1973), exemplifies how land cover change can dramatically alter near-ground air temperature. UHI effects have been well-documented in China (
This article demonstrates how a teaching case study approach can benefit museum studies courses. It takes as its focus the widely reported rescue of a boys' football team from a flooded cave in Thailand (2018). The success of this multinational effort led to immediate calls for the establishment of a "living museum" dedicated to remembering what became known as the "Tham Luang cave rescue." Discussion of the potential form and function of this envisaged museum plus its wider ramifications formed a key component of a newly validated international MA program taught in the UK and China by local academics and practitioners. Issues addressed include collections management, interpretation and display as well as ethical considerations relating to funding and forward planning. These were debated through groupwork, student presentations and report writing. The article reflects on this experience and the lessons it has for studying museums. It advocates the use of other topical events as the basis for similar teaching case studies on the grounds that this best equips students with the knowledge and skills required in the workplace.
A vulnerability assessment index system and model for oasis agriculture to sandstorm disaster had been constructed. The concept was based on the characteristics of oasis agriculture, from the view of comprehensive disaster reduction and regional sustainable development. Seven main oasis agricultural regions in Xinjiang, China in 1980s, 1990s and 2000s were considered. Focusing on the sensitivity of regional hazard formative environments and the adaptability of sandstorm disaster affected bodies, the vulnerability of oasis agriculture was assessed. The results showed that the vulnerability of oasis agriculture to sandstorm disaster changes in different periods and is mainly affected by sensitivity of climate and adaptability of local agricultural conditions. During the past three decades, the sensitivity has been enhanced in some regions, but the vulnerability of the region has not been significantly reduced because of the enhancement of human adaptability.
We address the well-known “factor zoo” problem in the Chinese stock market. By replicating a generation of pricing factors, we verify the Liu–Stambaugh–Yuan four-factor model which subsumes other counterparts in the Chinese A-share market. We further construct a characteristic library and apply the double-selection LASSO approach to explore whether significant anomalies contribute to current pricing factors. We find that some anomalies indeed play a significant role in pricing cross-sectional returns, but the improvement to the Liu–Stambaugh–Yuan four-factor model is limited.
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