The purposes of this study were to assess the presence of 99mTc-labeled white blood cells (WBC) in exercised muscle compared with nonexercised muscle over time and to determine the time course of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and eccentric torque in 10 female subjects. A pretest was followed by 300 eccentric repetitions of the right quadriceps. DOMS and eccentric torque were measured at 2, 4, 20, 24, 48, and 72 h postexercise. Eccentric torque was also tested at 0 h. Radionuclide images of both quadriceps were taken at 2, 4, 20, and 24 h postexercise. The presence of 99mTc-WBC in the exercised muscle was significantly greater (P < 0.001) than in the nonexercised muscle. Eccentric torque declined at 0 and 24 h postexercise. DOMS peaked at 24 h postexercise. The presence of 99mTc-WBC in the exercised muscle in the first 24 h suggests that acute inflammation occurs as a result of exercise-induced muscle injury. The bimodal pattern of eccentric torque supports the hypothesis that more than one mechanism is involved.

Vanadium has been found to be orally active in lowering plasma glucose levels; thus it provides a potential treatment for diabetes mellitus. Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) is a well-characterized organovanadium compound that has been shown in preliminary studies to have a potentially useful absorption profile. Tissue distributions of BMOV compared with those of vanadyl sulfate (VS) were studied in Wistar rats by using 48V as a tracer. In this study, the compounds were administered in carrier-added forms by either oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Data analyzed by a compartmental model, by using simulation, analysis, and modeling (i.e., SAAM II) software, showed a pattern of increased tissue uptake with use of 48V-BMOV compared with 48VS. The highest 48V concentrations at 24 h after gavage were in bone, followed by kidney and liver. Most ingested 48V was eliminated unabsorbed by fecal excretion. On average, 48V concentrations in bone, kidney, and liver 24 h after oral administration of 48V-BMOV were two to three times higher than those of 48VS, which is consistent with the increased glucose-lowering potency of BMOV in acute glucose lowering compared with VS.

Although there was a moderate reduction in platelet survival in HIV-infected persons, these patients, regardless of platelet counts, also had decreased production of platelets, possibly due to viral infection of the megakaryocytes. Zidovudine appears to improve platelet production.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sex differences in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), torque, and accumulation of technetium-99m (Tc-99m) neutrophils in eccentric-exercised muscle. A group of 10 female and 12 male subjects took part in this study. The subjects completed a pre-test using the descriptor differential scale (DDS) to describe DOMS, and tests of concentric and eccentric torque of the right quadriceps. A volume of 100 ml of blood was taken by venipuncture for neutrophil labelling in the early morning of the exercise day. The Tc-99m neutrophils were re-infused intravenously before the eccentric exercise. The exercise stimulus consisted of 300 eccentric repetitions of the right quadriceps muscles. Radionuclide images of both quadriceps muscles (lateral views) were taken at 2 and 4 h. The DDS, and concentric and eccentric torques of the quadriceps were subsequently evaluated at 0 h, 2, 4, 20 and 24 h post-exercise. The presence of Tc-99m neutrophils was greater in the exercised leg than the non-exercised leg at 2 and 4 h post-exercise (P