This chapter examines the epiphanic nature of the narrative of the seventh Homeric Hymn to Dionysus in relation to the other Hymns in the collection, taking into account distinctions of length, and Dionysus' presentation elsewhere in Greek literature (including Euripides' Bacchae) and art. It is argued that the focalization of the seventh Hymn on the epiphany of Dionysus upon the ship of the Tyrsenian pirates is not simply the narration of a divine epiphany; rather one finds in the Hymn the epiphanic structuring of the narrative.
Nous avons tenté de comprendre les modes de présence d’Hermès dans l’espace sacrificiel et dans le rite de la thusía en procédant à l’examen d’une série de vases attiques figurant le pilier hermaïque dans des contextes sacrificiels. Une présence agissante d’Hermès se laisse repérer dans l’espace du sacrifice, impliquée dans le rite lui même. Le pilier permet de figurer certains des modes d’action du dieu : il peut définir à lui seul un espace comme sacrificiel, et, par sa position vis à vis de l’autel et de la pompé qui s’y achemine, par les gestes dont il est alors l’objet (présentation du kanoûn,
main touchant la barbe...), réaliser tout un ensemble de médiations décisives pour l’accomplissement de la thusía. De même, dans l’espace «réel » de la cité ou sur son territoire, il marque un mode de présence hermaïque éminemment spécifique. Ainsi avons-nous reconnu dans le choix des imagiers insérant le pilier dans des scènes sacrificielles non la figuration du «destinataire » mais le signe adéquat de l’action du dieu dans l’espace et le rite du sacrifice sanglant.
The Hymn to Demeter, like the other great Homeric Hymns, brought into play a new arrangement of the pantheon. A redistribution of timai in the aftermath of crisis produced a more subtle articulation of the reapportion- ing and reciprocal functioning of the divine powers. Hades was kept apart from the assembly of the gods on Olympus because of his allotment of the underworld realm of the dead, but his solitude was broken by Zeus who gave him Kore, the daughter of Demeter, as his bride. Demeter in her turn withdrew in anger from the gathering of the gods. This at first threatened to destroy the cosmic order as ordained by Zeus. A compromise was needed and one was negotiated. Kore's sojourns in the realm of Hades were alternated with visits to Olympus. The integration into the divine assembly of the two goddesses, permitted, by reorganizing the exchanges and movements, a reciprocity among the hitherto incompatible functioning of the levels of the universe. The new relationships established among the divine timai shed light in turn upon the institution of the «Eleusinian rites».
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