Beside hobbyists, stunning aerial recordings, and surveillance services, UAVs are finding many more applications enabled with cloud computing due to the incomparable huge computing power. All these applications result in a rapidly growing UAV market. Consequently, safety problems are gaining priority. Tremendous incidents, such as the air traffic interruption in London (Dec. 2018), have raised awareness and demand for UAV identification, authentication, and tracking, in order to find and discipline the operator. To prevent this type of incidents, aviation authorities, such as FAA or EASA, are currently working on proper regulations. The implementation of the regulations demands dependable technical solutions. This paper proposes a secured and globally operative UAV authentication system, based on reliable security mechanisms and standardized protocols. Therefore, this system must provide mutual and strong cryptographic authentication. First, the TLS protocol is used for mutual authentication and for protecting the communication. Then, hardware-security is implemented to store necessary keys and certificates in a protected storage, and to support the TLS handshake to avoid common attacks against pure software implementations. Lastly, a concept for protected sensor values is introduced. The proposed UAV authentication concept is demonstrated by a proof-of-concept implementation, and evaluated against existing solutions as well as for performance.
Transportation of people and goods is important and crucial in the context of smart cities. The trend in regard of people's mobility is moving from privately owned vehicles towards shared mobility. This trend is even stronger in urban areas, where space for parking is limited, and the mobility is supported by the public transport system, which lowers the need for private vehicles. Several challenges and barriers of currently available solutions retard a massive growth of this mobility option, such as the trust problem, data monopolism, or intermediary costs.Decentralizing mobility management is a promising approach to solve the current problems of the mobility market, allowing to move towards a more usable internet of mobility and smart transportation. Leveraging blockchain technology allows to cut intermediary costs, by utilizing smart contracts. Important in this ecosystem is the proof of identity of participants in the blockchain network. To proof the possession of the claimed identity, the private key corresponding to the wallet address is utilized, and therefore essential to protect. In this paper, a blockchain-based shared mobility platform is proposed and a proof-of-concept is shown. First, current problems and stateof-the-art systems are analyzed. Then, a decentralized concept is built based on ERC-721 tokens, implemented in a smart contract, and augmented with a Hardware Security Module (HSM) to protect the confidential key material. Finally, the system is evaluated and compared against state-of-the-art solutions.
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