Background Arts-based pedagogical tools have been increasingly incorporated into medical education. Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) is a research-based, constructivist teaching methodology that aims to improve visual literacy, critical thinking, and communication skills through the process of investigating works of art. Harvard Medical School pioneered the application of VTS within medical education in 2004. While there are several studies investigating the use of VTS, there is a need to systematically assess the different programs that exist for medical education and their efficacy in improving relevant clinical skills. This systematic review aims to critically analyse the available evidence of the effectiveness of VTS in medical education to guide future research and provide a framework to adapt medical curricula. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases (through November 2022) was conducted to identify studies of VTS-based interventions in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. Two reviewers independently screened citations for inclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. The extracted data was then narratively synthesized. Results Of 5759 unique citations, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. After reference review, one additional study was included. Therefore, 11 studies were included in our review. Of these, eight reported VTS-based interventions for undergraduate medical students and three reported interventions in residency training, specifically in dermatology and ophthalmology. The main goal of most studies was to increase observational or visual diagnostic skills. Three of the studies in undergraduate medical education and two in postgraduate achieved a statistically significant improvement in observational skills in post-course evaluations. Some studies reported increased tolerance for ambiguity and empathy. Conclusions Although the studies varied considerably in study design, learning objectives, and outcomes, findings consistently indicate that the VTS approach can serve as a vehicle to develop crucial clinical competencies, encouraging more in-depth visual analysis that could be applied when observing a patient. Despite some limitations of the included studies (lack of control groups, self-selection bias, or non-standard outcome measures), the results of this review provide support for greater inclusion of VTS training in the medical curriculum.
Esta publicação foi realizada por ocasião da exposição 'O sentido do Lugar -Identidades Liquidas', na Galeria Museológica do Fórum de Ermesinde, nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2020, e reúne obras e textos relativos à investigação realizada parcialmente por Luz Bañón durante a estância de mobilidade internacional como investigadora no Instituto e Investigação em Arte, Design e Sociedade, no Porto. A curadoria da exposição é da responsabilidade de
In a mediatized era, where much of the information is accessed remotely, how can the experience of a place be understood? Tools such as Google Earth, Instagram or TripAdvisor, allow, besides the image and the physical description, the personal account of who was objectively in the space. Thus, is it possible to (co)construct a true experience of a place from a distance access? In the context of Phenomenology, focused on the understanding of experience, how is this event characterized and what role could it have for Art? It is intended to analyze how all phenomenological knowledge is constituted by learning based on direct contact and by the fictional or symbolic addition of elements, consisting as an event formed by real data and other artificial ones in an interdependent way. It is presented how the artificial data of experience, resulting from intermediation processes, participate objectively in the expansion of current concepts of landscape, proposing the terminology of Intermediated-Land-Art to refer to the artistic practice that thinks the landscape, objectively, from intermediation processes, highlighting particularly the examples that use digital platforms.
O presente artigo procura investigar como a natureza fugaz e transitória da água tem possibilitado aos artistas estabelecer relações no espaço e no tempo, cuja experiência subjetiva e sensorial é transportada e materializada na prática artística. Neste sentido, primeiramente procura-se abordar o conceito de memória, a partir das reflexões do filósofo Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005), que se sustenta nas ideias de Henri Bergson (1859-1941), de modo a analisar a tradução da memória em imagens. De seguida, procura-se demonstrar através de obras de três artistas Song Dong (1966), Hiroshi Sugimoto (1948) e Roni Horn (1955), como a água, enquanto material, assunto e metáfora, tem permitido perscrutar a passagem do tempo através das suas características de mutabilidade, impermanência, fugacidade e transitoriedade, adotando na prática artística processos transitórios e paradoxais, num constante diálogo entre ausência e presença, visível e invisível, passado e presente, fugaz e perene.
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