The Vital Jacket® (V J) is a wearable vital signs monitoring system that joins textiles with microelectronics. After several years of development within the university lab, it has been licensed to a start-up company. Its evolutions have focused on cardiology and sports and scaled down from a jacket to a single T-shirt. The VJ manufacturing process has recently been certified to comply with the standards [S09001 and [S013485 and the cardiology version was approved as a Medical Device for the European market compliant with the MDD directive 42/93/CE, holding the CE1011 mark. The authors intend to wear V Js during the days of the congress to demonstrate its usefulness in first hand and will exemplify the different scenarios of use of this innovative wearable intelligent garment.
This report discusses the data gathered through two surveys carried out in the context of the SOGICA project. SOGICA – Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Claims of Asylum: A European human rights challenge – is a four-year (2016-2020) research project funded by the European Research Council (ERC) that explores the social and legal experiences of people across Europe claiming international protection on the basis of their sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI).
Since the beginning of the 2008 economic crisis, reports of child work across Europe have increased. This article looks into the European Union (eu) legal framework that applies to children who work, and offers a socio-legal analysis of child work regulation more generally. In so doing, it considers the role of a range of factors relevant to the regulation of child work, including children’s rights, cultural relativism, social constructions of childhood, empirical evidence of the benefits and harm of child work, and the different contexts in which children are found working. Crucially, the article advances a justification for retaining a restrictive approach in relation to child work in the European context on the basis of legal, social, economic and cultural factors.
Since the 1990s, the European Union (EU) has slowly developed an increasingly sophisticated body of asylum law and policy, known as the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). This framework – both in the shape of legislative instruments and case law – has inevitably also affected those asylum seekers who claim asylum on the basis of sexual orientation and/or gender identity (SOGI). This has been vividly demonstrated by particular norms in EU asylum instruments and judgments of the Court of Justice of EU (CJEU). The current CEAS can be said to have several shortcomings in relation to SOGI claims, including in relation to: accelerated procedures; country of origin information; the notion of ‘safe country of origin’; the burden of proof and the principle of benefit of the doubt; the concept of a ‘particular social group’; and the definition of persecution. A new set of proposals for reform of the CEAS was put forward in 2016, and these also affect SOGI asylum claims in precise and acute ways. This contribution scrutinises these proposals of reform, including the different positions of the Commission, Parliament and Council, where relevant. In particular, this contribution will assess the extent to which these proposals and different institutional positions address, ignore or aggravate the issues that currently affect SOGI asylum seekers.
Child work in England and Wales has been a well-researched topic from a historical perspective, but increasingly side-lined in socio-legal scholarship. This work aims to bring back this topic to the legal debate, by considering the relevant legal framework and related international and EU instruments, the experiences of working children in England and Wales, and the legal enforcement of the current standards by public authorities. Priorities for the future are also highlighted, with the ultimate intention of prompting greater monitoring and empirical research in this field.
Commentary on judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union on case F v Bevándorlási és Állampolgársági Hivatal, relating to credibility assessment and means of evidence in asylum cases involving sexual orientation.
Roma' has become the staple terminology in studies and policy-making related to a broad group of individuals and communities who, although having only limited cultural affinity, share similar experiences of socioeconomic deprivation due to a range of factors. Because of this shared experience of deprivation, all these individuals and groups have-out of policy and terminology convenience, it must be admitted-been included within a broad, somewhat inaccurate notion of Roma. 1 This notion usually includes peoples who define themselves as Roma, Gypsies, Travellers, Manouches, Ashkali and Sinti, among others. The significance of this group is not only socioeconomic but also, undoubtedly, numerical: it is estimated that there are nowadays around six million Roma in the EU and twelve million overall in Europe. 2 Moreover, there are four million Roma in Turkey and one million in the * The authors wish to thank Amandine Garde, Nikos Vogiatzis and Samantha Currie for their insightful comments on earlier versions of this work, and Alison Morley for the thorough copy-editing. 1 It is acknowledged, however, that using such an umbrella term raises important cultural and social problems, namely the essentialising of who is a member of the 'Roma', undue account of the existing diversities within this group, and the impact of this terminology on power relations between local elites and marginal groups within the Roma:
Portugal's migration history has been extensively explored in academic literature, including in legal scholarship. Yet, very little attention has so far been directed towards Portuguese refugee law. This may be due to the relatively low number of asylum seekers that Portugal receives, but that does not justify neglecting the study of the Portuguese socio-legal framework applicable to asylum seekers and refugees. This article addresses this gap by analyzing the framework in a European context, enhancing the analysis with a case study of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersex (LGBTI) asylum seekers. The analysis explores the evolution of the current legal framework, the procedures and remedies available to asylum seekers, the substantive standards applied in decision-making, and the broader socio-legal resources offered to asylum seekers. Several shortcomings and possible avenues of improvement are also identified. * Senior lecturer in law, School of Law and Social Justice, University of Liverpool. The author wishes to thank all participants in the empirical work carried out for the purposes of this research for generously contributing their time and expertise, and Dr Violeta Moreno Lax, Dr Eleanor Drywood, and the two anonymous peer-reviewers for their insightful and thorough comments and suggestions.
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