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TVS should be regarded as an accurate, radiation-free first-line diagnostic modality for patients with suspicion of posterior endometriosis. CTCU should be regarded as a complementary imaging modality, particularly for sigmoid or ureteral endometriosis.

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Fetal nucleated red cells which pass into the maternal circulation during pregnancy are a potential cell source for non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis. To sort these rare cells with a high degree of specificity, we focussed our attention on the erythropoietin receptor, a strictly erythroid-specific antigen. We first labelled these receptors with biotin-(sialyl)-erythropoietin, then isolated the erythroid cells by magnetic beads conjugated with streptavidin in a MiniMACS (magnetic cell separator). The effectiveness of this strategy for the enrichment of fetal cells was evaluated by assessing its accuracy for gender prediction in 18 male-bearing pregnancies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results on maternal blood samples sorted for Epo-r and CD71 antigens displayed similar sensitivity (55% Epo-r, 61% CD71) in detecting Y-specific sequences while immunocytochemical studies on four maternal blood samples, sorted after increasing the binding time of the ligand to Epo-r (8 h), showed a substantial improvement in fetal cell recovery and purity. We conclude that sorting by Epo-r/biotin-(sialyl)-erythropoietin provides effective enrichment of fetal nucleated red cells allowing the possibility of direct prenatal cytogenetic analysis by multiprobe fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH).

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The effects of acetylsalicylic acid, meclizine hydrochloride, methamphetamine hydrochloride, clomiphene citrate, vincristine sulfate, and 6‐aminonicotinamide on fetal development of the Macaca mulatta were studied. Two monkeys administered acetylsalicylic acid 40 mg/kg/day from the 25th day of gestation to term produced normal young. Seven pregnant monkeys given meclizine hydrochloride 10 mg/kg/day during various five‐day intervals had normal progeny. Five monkeys given methamphetamine hydrochloride 0.5 mg/kg/day from implantation to term had four normal young and one abortion. Clomiphene citrate administered to 18 pregnant monkeys during various stages of organogenesis resulted in 16 normal offspring and two stillbirths. Two of the five monkeys that received vincristine sulfate produced offspring with congenital malformations. One, given a single injection of 0.175 mg/kg on the twenty‐ninth day of gestation, had an offspring with encephalocele. One administration of 0.15 mg/kg on the twenty‐seventh day of gestation produced syndactyly in the offspring of another. The other monkeys, which received 0.15 or 0.20 mg/kg on the twenty‐eighth, thirty‐third, or thirty‐fourth day of gestation, produced normal offspring. Seven monkeys were treated with 6‐aminonicotinamide at different stages of gestation. Four, treated from the twenty‐sixth to twenty‐ninth days, aborted, the other three had normal young. Retrospective studies of therapeutic agents used at various times during pregnancy in monkeys in the colony have shown that hydroxyprogesterone caproate (Delalutin), chloramphenicol succinate (Chloromycetin), lincomycin hydrochloride (Lincocin), and benzathine penicillin G and procaine penicillin G (Longicil) have no apparent effect on the developing monkey fetus.