Eruption of Mount Lokon has the potential to cause danger to the community. The study of the ionospheric disturbances triggered by Lokon activity is very important to determine eruptive behavior. TEC anomaly before eruption is succesfully detected using correlation methods. Based on GPS TEC data from the GNSS satellite it was concluded that the TEC anomaly occurred three days before the eruption on July 14th, 2011. Using leveling method and polynomial technique, eruption effects on ionosphere were be determined. Eruption on July 2011 caused ionospheric disturbance. These results will be important considerations in decision making related to disaster mitigation
Telah dilakukan analisis percepatan tanah maksimum gempa bumi di Kota Manado menggunakan metode Donovan dan McGuire. Kota Manado merupakan bagian dari lengan utara Pulau Sulawesi terletak pada batas pertemuan beberapa lempeng besar sehingga wilayah ini sangat rawan akan goncangan gempa bumi. Upaya mitigasi perlu dilakuakn sejak dini untuk memperkecil dampak resiko gempa bumi tersebut. Salah satu upaya mitigasi adalah memetakan percepatan tanah maksimum (peak ground acceleration) di permukaan. Penentuan variasi nilai percepatan tanah maksimum menggunakan metode Donovan dan metode McGuire. Data yang digunakan adalah data hypocenter gempa yang dikumpulkan dari dua katalog yakni data USGS dan ANSS selama selang pengamatan Februari 1963 sampai Agustus 2017 meliputi radius 500 km dari Kota Manado. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa percepatan tanah maksimum di Kota Manado menggunkan metode Donovan sekitar 42.12 gal sampai dengan 51.82 gal sedangkan metode Mc Guire diperoleh nilai percepatan tanah sekitar 59.13 gal sampai 72.53 gal.The peak ground acceleration analysis in Manado city has been done using Donovan and McGuire method. Manado City is part of the north arm of Sulawesi Island located at the boundary of several major plate meetings so that this region is very prone to earthquake shocks. Mitigation efforts need to be done early to minimize the impact of the earthquake risk. One mitigation effort is to map the peak ground acceleration on the surface. Determination of peak ground acceleration variation using the Donovan and McGuire method. The data used are earthquake hypocenter data collected from two catalogs namely USGS and ANSS data during the observation interval February 1963 to August 2017 covering a radius of 500 km from Manado City. The result of the analysis shows that the peak ground acceleration in Manado City uses Donovan method about 42.12 gal up to 51.82 gal while Mc Guire method obtained the peak ground acceleration a value of about 59.13 gal to 72.53 gal.
Telah dilakukan penelitian simulasi untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi dimensi geometri tungku, daya oven gelombang mikro dan waktu pemanasan terhadap suhu tungku, dan mengoptimasi suhu tungku dalam pemanasan dengan gelombang mikro dari variasi parameter yang digunakan. Tungku kubus dengan panjang sisinya dan tungku silinder dengan diameter dan tingginya masing-masing memiliki ukuran yang sama yaitu 50 mm untuk tipe I, 70 mm untuk tipe II dan 90 mm untuk tipe III, yang terbuat dari material SiC dipanaskan dalam oven gelombang mikro pada daya 100%, 75% dan 50% dari daya maksimum 1,3 kW. Pemanasan tungku ini disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak COMSOL Multiphysics. Hasil simulasi dari setiap parameter dilakukan analisis dan optimasi untuk mencapai suhu optimum 500oC dalam waktu yang singkat dengan konsumsi energinya yang rendah. Hasil simulasi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa variasi parameter memengaruhi suhu yang dihasilkan tungku dan distribusi suhu di dalam tungku. Optimasi pada tungku kubus tipe II (ukuran 70 mm) yang dipanaskan dalam oven gelombang mikro dengan daya 1,3 kW (100%) mencapai suhu optimum 500oC dalam waktu relatif singkat sebesar 7 menit 33 detik (453 detik) dan konsumsi energi relatif rendah sebesar 5,889 × 105 J.Simulation research has been conducted to analyze the effect of variations in the dimensions of the furnace geometry, microwave oven power, and heating time on the furnace temperature, and optimize the furnace temperature in microwave heating from a variety of parameters used. The cube furnace with side length and cylindrical furnace with diameter and height respectively have the same size, namely 50 mm for type I, 70 mm for type II, and 90 mm for type III, which are made of SiC material heated in a microwave oven at power 100%, 75% and 50% of the maximum power of 1,3 kW. The heating of this furnace was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation results for each parameter are analyzed and optimized to achieve the optimum furnace temperature of 500oC in a short time with low energy consumption. The simulation results obtained show that the parameter variations affect the temperature produced by the furnace and the temperature distribution in the furnace. Optimization of the type II cube furnace (size 70 mm) heated in a microwave oven with a power of 1,3 kW (100%) reaches the optimum temperature of 500oC in a relatively short time of 7 minutes 33 seconds (453 seconds) and relatively low energy consumption of 5,889 × 105 J.
Flash flood is the most common and frequent natural disasters worldwide and can cause a loss of life and damage to property and the environment. In 2014, Manado city has experienced the most devastating flood that caused 19 people died, 10,884 homes destroyed, 2,091 people became homeless and estimated an economic loss of US$ 124 million. The huge loss was caused by the people and government did not receive information about water level rising on the watershed of the Tondano River. In conventional, decision maker needs the precipitation data and critical threshold value to issue the evacuation. There is an urgent requirement for end-to-end solution where the flash flood early warning system (FEWS) which can processed data in real-time can be integrated with Video-Based Surveillance System to take a role in saving peoples life. The aim of this study was to create a stand-alone system (Sensor Node) that could be placed on the watershed to monitor the water level rising using a microcomputer, a camera and a distance sensor. The aim of the system proposed was to measure the water level rising and when the threshold value was reached, the system would capture and display a real-time video. Future research can be done to “go-live” and posted the captured real-time video on the YouTube or Facebook in which people used them widely as a social media
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