Background: Increasing number of patients of AGE are now diagnosed with AKI.. Over the recent years there has been increasing recognition that relatively small rises in serum creatinine in a variety of clinical settings are associated with worse outcomes. In present study, we aimed to study clinical profile of patients with acute kidney injury following acute gastroenteritis at our tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was conducted in patients who were diagnosed to have AKI following acute gastroenteritis. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Results were expressed as mean and standard deviation for continuous data and frequency as number and percentage. Results: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, total 72 patients of AGE with AKI were considered for this study. Most common age group in this study was age group of 61–70 years (28%), followed by age group of 51–60 years (25%). Mean age of study patients was 53.8 ± 11.7 years. Male patients (64%) were more than female patients (36%). Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. According to clinical presentation most common symptom was loose stools (100 %), followed by fever (76 %) and vomiting (68 %). Other complaints were shortness of breath (18 %) and altered sensorium (8 %). Diabetes was the most common co-morbidity noted (39 %) followed by hypertension (34%). AKI was staged for severity according to the KDIGO criteria. At the time of diagnosis most patients were in stage 1 (57%), while 32% and 11% were in stage 2 and 3 respectively.In this study hypotension, hyperkalemia were common complications of Acute Kidney Injury. Other complications were metabolic acidosis, encephalopathy, pulmonary edema, anemia, multi organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), hypokalemia and hyponatremia. In present study, 11% patients underwent hemodialysis and 3 % mortality was noted. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury in patients with acute gastroenteritis had good prognosis if detected earlier. Early recognition of AKI is essential to ensure prompt and appropriate management, and to avoid progression to deadlier stages of the disease.
Background: Homocysteine is regarded as a risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, dementia and peripheral vascular disease. Present study aims to identify any correlation between serum vit-B12 and homocysteine levels in patients with ischemic heart disease at a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was a prospective, observational study. Cases were selected among patients admitted to the Medicine Intensive Care unit, with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction with or without electrocardiographic signs of elevated ST segment. Age and BMI matched controls were selected from patients attending outpatient clinic, who had no history of cardiovascular disease or other chronic diseases such as renal failure. Results: Total 100 cases and 100 controls (age and BMI) matched controls were considered for present study. Risk factors to ischemic heart disease such as hypertension, diabetes melitus, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, family history for coronary disease and family history for hypertension were significantly more in cases as compared to controls and difference was statistically significant. We noted raised serum Homocysteine levels in cases as compared to controls, difference was statistically significant. Also serum vitamin B12 levels were less in cases as compared to controls, difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: We noted raised serum Homocysteine levels in cases as compared to controls, difference was statistically significant. Also serum vitamin B12 levels were less in cases as compared to controls, difference was statistically significant. vitamin B12 deficiency causing hyperhomocysteinemia may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and important for prediction of future cardiovascular disease.
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