We studied the influence of a natural plant growth regulator Ribav-Extra and ions of heavy metals (HM) Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ on the physiological and biochemical indices of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) cultivar 'Mironovskaya 808'. The seeds of wheat were treated with Ribav-Extra (10 ppm) and grown for 7 days on heavy metal salt solutions (10 μM or 1 mM). After that we recorded heavy metals accumulation, growth, generation of superoxide anion ( • O 2 − ), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) activity. It was found that 1 mM of HM in growth media increased heavy metals accumulation in wheat plants and inhibited the growth of roots and shoots. Both low and high concentrations of heavy metals stimulated • O 2 − production and oxidative damage in wheat seedlings. In most treatments, the toxic effect of heavy metals enhanced at higher concentration of metals. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Ribav-Extra decreased the negative impact of heavy metals by reducing oxidative stress which led to suppressed • O 2 − generation, lipid peroxidation intensity and catalase activity. This suggests that the wheat plants, whose seeds had been treated with Ribav-Extra, were more heavy metal-resistant than the untreated ones.Please use the following format when citing the article: Gruznova K. A., Bashmakov D. I., Miliauskienė J., Vaštakaitė V., Duchovskis P., Lukatkin A. S. 2018. The effect of a growth regulator Ribav-Extra on winter wheat seedlings exposed to heavy metals. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 105 (3): 227-234
This work investigated the accumulation, allocation, and impact of zinc (Zn; 1.0 μM-10 mM) in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under simulated laboratory conditions. Z. mays exhibited no significant change in its habitus (the physical characteristics of plants) up to 10-1000 μM of Zn (vs 5-10 mM Zn). Zn tolerance evaluation, based on the root test, indicated a high tolerance of Z. mays to both low and intermediate (or relatively high) concentrations of Zn, whereas this plant failed to tolerate 10 mM Zn and exhibited a 5-fold decrease in its Zn tolerance. Contingent to Zn treatment levels, Zn hampered the growth of axial organs and brought decreases in the leaf area, water regime, and biomass accumulation. Nevertheless, at elevated levels of Zn (10 mM), Zn(2+) was stored in the root cytoplasm and inhibited both axial organ growth and water regime. However, accumulation and allocation of Zn in Z. mays roots, studied herein employing X-ray fluorimeter and histochemical methods, were close to Zn accumulator plants. Overall, the study outcomes revealed Zn tolerance of Z. mays, and also implicate its potential role in Zn phytoextraction.
We studied the influence of a synthetic cytokinin like growth regulator (Cytodef) and heavy metal ions-Pb 2+ , Sr 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Ni 2+ -on generation of superoxide anion lipid peroxidation, and carotenoids content in leaves of 7 day old cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L., cv. Izyashchnyi). In some instances Cytodef reduced the toxicity of heavy metals: it mitigated the negative effect of metals on oxidative processes and elevated the concentration of antioxidants (carotenoids).Abbreviations: HM-heavy metals; MDA-malondialdehyde; ROS-reactive oxygen species; TBA-thiobarbituric acid.
Among trace metals, lead is a highly toxic contaminant, being hazardous to humans and animals. Application of maize plants for phytoremediation of polluted soils and waters has recently been of particular interest. The aim of this work is to investigate the Pb-phytoextraction potential of the maize cv. Tzariza used widely in Eastern European agriculture. Maize seedlings were exposed in a nutrient solution to 1-10000 µM of Pb for 21 days. Lead accumulated mostly in conductive tissues and shoots at 0.1 mM and higher concentrations of Pb in growth medium. Pb at concentrations of 1 and 10 mM caused an increase in the superoxide anion level and the catalase activity in maize leaves. Lead ions were tolerable to maize seedlings within a concentration range up to 1000 µM of Pb The levels of lead in the nutrient solution above 1 mM resulted in inhibition of the growth of axial organs, decrease in leaf area, inhibition of water absorption, and reduction in accumulation of biomass. Theoretical considerations indicate that in the temperate climates of the phytoremediation with maize may allow annual removal up to 90 kg of Pb per km, depending on the initial level of soil contamination.
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