Emissions of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere when loading oil or petroleum products into tankers are strong environmental pollutants. Given the increase in oil transport by sea and the development of Arctic routes, humanity faces the task of preserving the Arctic ecosystem. Vapor recovery units can limit the emissions of volatile organic compounds. However, it is necessary to estimate the emissions of oil and petroleum products vapors. This article offers two methods for estimating emissions of volatile organic compounds. In the analytical method, a mathematical model of evaporation dynamics and forecasting tank gas space pressure of the tanker is proposed. The model makes it possible to estimate the throughput capacity of existing gas phase discharge pipeline systems and is also suitable for designing new oil vapor recovery units. Creating an experimental laboratory stand is proposed in the experimental method, and its possible technological scheme is developed.
Recently, there has been an increase in consumer demand for organic products, which implies the use of natural fertilizers in agriculture and food additives in animal husbandry. The moisture content of products obtained from sapropel for use in animal husbandry and agriculture should vary between 60 and 65%. But the reason for the low profitability of production for the extraction of sapropel is due to its high humidity, which can reach 92-96 %, and the complexity of removing moisture. Currently, a significant problem in the dewatering of sapropel is its sticking to metal surfaces of knives-inverters and plane-parallel plates-separators on machines for its dewatering. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the effect of electroosmosis. In this paper, the rational parameters of the operation necessary to create the effect of electroosmosis in the intermediate attachment of processing of sapropel of the machine for sapropel dewatering are determined.
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