An Alaskan Malamute underwent unilateral tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) surgery to stabilise a stifle joint with a deficient cranial cruciate ligament. The dog made an excellent recovery with no postoperative complications, until 20 months post-surgery when he presented with acute onset ipsilateral pelvic limb lameness. Osteosarcoma (OSA) was diagnosed adjacent to the titanium implants. Currently, there is a paucity of information on the epidemiology of OSA adjacent to orthopaedic implants in canine patients. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings of this case of periprosthetic OSA, and a potential causal relationship between titanium implants and bone neoplasia, are discussed.
The topographical distribution of axonal spheroids in the brain and spinal cord in this bovine case closely resembled that found in the ovine neurodegenerative disorder termed NAD, in which axonal swellings are the major pathological feature. This appears to be the first reported case of this type of NAD in cattle. The aetiology of the spheroidal aggregations in this case was not determined. There was no evidence from the case history or neuropathology to indicate whether the axonal spheroids in this case involved an acquired or heritable aetiology.
Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders that in humans is characterised by ineffective haematopoiesis with morphological abnormalities in erythroid precursor cells and secondary iron overload. In the 1990s, a syndrome of CDA with dyskeratosis and progressive alopecia was reported in Poll Hereford calves in Canada and the USA. We report the clinical and pathological findings in two Poll Hereford calves with this syndrome from separate properties in South Australia. The animals had a variably severe anaemia, associated with abnormal nucleated red blood cells in peripheral blood, and large numbers of rubricytes and metarubricytes with a characteristic nuclear ultrastructure in the bone marrow. Both calves were born with a wiry hair coat and a progressively 'dirty-faced' appearance associated with hyperkeratosis and dyskeratosis (apoptosis).
Case report
The clinicopathological features of a case consistent with large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy are described in a 19‐year‐old, zoo‐based Sumatran tiger in which degenerative vertebral disease, renal insufficiency, diaphragmatic hernia and cataracts were comorbid. The principal presenting sign was ataxia, with concurrent deterioration of vertebral stiffness and vision loss. Histological features included marked destruction of the white matter, the formation of large, bizarre astrocytes and accumulation of numerous foamy macrophages (gitter cells). Immunohistochemical investigation of reactive astrocytes revealed several different cytoplasmic proteins.
Conclusion
This is the first reported case of large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy in Australia.
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