Large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy in a Sumatran tiger (<i>Panthera tigris sumatrae</i>) from an Australian zoo

Hanshaw, DM; McLelland, D J; Manavis, Jim; Finnie, JW

doi:10.1111/avj.12826

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…An environmental husbandry-related neurotoxicity was suspected. Similar cases have sporadically been reported since (44,45). A prominent feature of the disease in previously described cases was reactive astrocytosis which was not present in the patient in this report.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

et al. 2022

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the recognized gold standard for diagnostic imaging of the central nervous system in human and veterinary patients. Information on the use of this modality and possible imaging abnormalities in captive non-domestic felids is currently limited to individual case reports or small case series. This retrospective study provides information on technique and imaging findings in a cohort of cases undergoing MRI at an academic Veterinary Medical Center. The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine MRI database was searched for non-domestic felids undergoing MRI of the brain or spine from 2008 to 2021. Medical record data were recorded, and MRI studies were reviewed. Fifty animals met the inclusion criteria. The most common brain diseases were Chiari-like malformation (n = 8) and inflammatory conditions (n = 8). Other abnormalities included pituitary lesions (n = 5), brain atrophy (n = 2), and one each of metabolic and traumatic conditions. Fourteen animals had a normal brain MRI study. The most common spinal abnormality was intervertebral disc disease (n = 7). Other disorders included vertebral dysplasia (n = 2), presumptive ischemic myelopathy (n = 1), subdural ossification causing spinal cord compression (n = 1), and multiple myeloma (n = 1). Spinal cord swelling of undetermined cause was suspected in two animals, and seven patients had a normal MRI study of the spine. MRI is a valuable tool in the diagnostic workup of non-domestic felids with presumptive neurologic disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

et al. 2022

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“…Large feline leukoencephalomyelopathy also features axonal degeneration, but is most commonly seen in cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), and is most pronounced in the cerebral white matter, a feature not observed in cases of idiopathic axonal degeneration in the current study. 3,13,18 Other potential explanations include hypovitaminosis A, 31 hereditary myelopathy, 5 cobalamin deficiency, 41 or toxins, such as delayed organophosphate toxicity. 17,43 Developmental lesions were primarily in adult and aged animals, perhaps signifying that these lesions did not clinically impact early life or that some were acquired lesions (syringohydromyelia).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal disease in a captive population of Panthera species: Review of 86 cases (2003–2021)

Metcalfe,

Dennis,

Ramsay

et al. 2023

Vet Pathol

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This retrospective study aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence of spinal disease in nondomestic felids within a sanctuary population. A review of 304 postmortem examination reports in Panthera species from 2003 to 2021 revealed that 86/304 (28%) were diagnosed with spinal disease. Spinal lesions were categorized according to pathologic process: degenerative (78/86, 91%), developmental (8/86, 9%), inflammatory (6/86, 7%), or neoplastic (8/86, 9%). Degenerative lesions included intervertebral disk disease (IVDD; 66/78, 85%), spondylosis without concurrent IVDD (4/78, 5%), and idiopathic (noncompressive) degenerative myelopathies (8/78, 10%). Fourteen individuals had lesions in more than 1 category. Developmental cases were vertebral (4/8) or spinal cord (3/8) malformations or both (1/8). Inflammatory lesions included meningitis (4/6) and meningomyelitis (2/6). Neoplasia included vertebral multiple myeloma (4/8) and others (4/8). IVDD often involved multiple disks but primarily affected the cervical (41/66, 62%) and thoracic spine (32/66, 48%). A multivariate binary logistic model predicted the diagnosis of IVDD at postmortem examination, where odds of being affected were highest for males, lions ( Panthera leo), and geriatric age group (>14 years). The spinal lesions documented in this study provide insight into high-risk signalment categories and predominant associated lesions affecting captive Panthera populations. Specifically, spinal disease, especially cervical IVDD, is common among Panthera species, and lions, males, and older felids are at increased risk.

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Ophthalmology of Felidae: Cats

Corsi

Guandalini

Rossi

et al. 2022

Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology

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Large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy in a Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) from an Australian zoo

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

Spinal disease in a captive population of Panthera species: Review of 86 cases (2003–2021)

Ophthalmology of Felidae: Cats

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