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In the last 2-3 decades, the broad research in the application of benzimidazole derivatives made it important for mankind. Many scientists have worked on benzimidazole derivatives and they found that this compound has a diverse role in the field of medicinal chemistry. Few benzimidazole derivatives are currently in the market as a drug candidate against various diseases. Moreover, the benzimidazole derivatives exhibit pharmacological activities such as anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, antihistamine, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-HIV, etc. In this review, we have summarized various derivatives of benzimidazole which have been prepared by many researchers to understand the chemistry as well as diverse pharmacological activities. These findings may lead the scientists who are working in the field of medicinal chemistry to the development of benzimidazole based drug candidates in the future.

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Some derivatives of 2-substituted benzimidazole were prepared via coupling of N-methyl-o-phenylenediamine or o-phenylenediamine with different aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by Ni(OAc) 2 in the presence of chloroform under microwave-assisted conditions. Structural confirmation of all synthesized molecules was investigated by FT-IR, 13 C NMR, 1 H NMR, ESI-MS, and Elemental analysis. All prepared molecules were examined for in-vitro pharmaceutical activities like antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antituberculosis, and antioxidant. Additionally, in silico study was also carried out. We also evaluated the steadiness and molecular interaction of docked complex, that is, complex of molecule (7s) with PDB: 5ZNI and complex of derivative (7l) with PDB: 3VLN, we have established a molecular dynamics model on the best dock molecules. All newly prepared molecules were authenticated to have excellent pharmacokinetics stuffs via calculated ADME-Tox descriptors, which signifying that these derivatives could be utilized as hit for the expansion of the some innovative active compounds.

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