Resumo. Blendas poliméricas são uma mistura física de dois ou mais polímeros para formar um novo polímero com propriedades desejadas. Pretende-se, com este trabalho, produzir blendas poliméricas a partir de uma matriz de poliestireno com resíduos de borracha reciclada visando à obtenção de aumento das propriedades mecânicas como resistência ao impacto e à fl exão em comparação com o poliestireno. Resíduos de borracha, provenientes das indústrias de calçados foram adicionados ao poliestireno visando a sua tenacifi cação. As blendas foram caracterizadas mecanicamente e foi feito um estudo reológico. As blendas de poliestireno/composto de borracha reciclada, inicialmente foram preparadas em uma extrusora de rosca dupla corrotacional e, posteriormente, os grânulos extrusados foram moldados por injeção. O estudo reológico dessas blendas foi realizado em misturador interno acoplado a um Reômetro de Torque System 90 da Haake-Blucher. Os resultados obtidos com o estudo reológico e o ensaio mecânico sob impacto mostraram que quanto maior a percentagem de SBRr adicionado, maiores os valores de torque e de resistência ao impacto de todas as blendas, enquanto que a resistência à fl exão diminuiu. Esses resultados ilustram uma boa perspectiva de aplicação desses rejeitos industriais, uma vez que se podem reduzir os efeitos nocivos sobre o meio ambiente.Palavras-chave: blendas poliméricas, reaproveitamento, resíduos de borracha.Abstract. Polymer blends are a physical mixture of two or more polymers to form a new polymer with desired properties.The aim of this work is to produce polymer blends from a matrix of polystyrene with recycled rubber waste in order to obtain increased mechanical properties such as impact resistance and fl exural strength compared with polystyrene. Rubber waste from footwear industries was added to polystyrene seeking its toughening. The blends were characterized mechanically and a rheological study was carried out. The blends of polystyrene/recycled rubber composite were initially prepared in a corrotational twin screw extruder and subsequently the extruded granules were injection molded. The rheological study of these blends was carried out in an internal mixer coupled to a Haake-Blucher System 90Torque Rheometer. By rheological and impact strength tests it was seen that the higher the percentage of SBRr added the higher the torque and the impact resistance values of all the blends while fl exural strength decreased. These results show a good perspective on the application of the industrial wastes since adverse eff ects on the environment can be reduced.
The search for new sources of renewable energy order to minimize environmental impacts has led the scientists to develop new alternatives, such as the use of recycling of frying oils to produce biodiesel. The utilization of fuels of agricultural origin in the cycle diesel engines is a good alternative to reduce dependence on importation petroleum, since these fuels are a renewable source of energy. The utilization of biodiesel as biofuel is a contribution to the environment, reducing the qualitative and quantitative form levels of environmental pollution. However, these oils should go through a process of decontamination and decoloration up the stage of chemical conversion which is used clay to lighten the oil. This study aimed to characterize clay of Paraíba to be used in the clearing of frying oil. It was observed through the technique of kinematic viscosity the clays show good results in treatment used vegetable oils.
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