RESUMO O lenho de Erythroxylum substriatum (Erytroxylaceae) é anatomicamente descrito e ilustrado com fotomicrografias. Na estrutura anatômica, salientam-se: porosidade difusa; vasos numerosos, solitários e em múltiplos radiais; parênquima tanto paratraqueal como apotraqueal; raios estreitos, numerosos, heterogêneos; e fibras com pequenas pontoações indistintamente areoladas. Palavras-chave: Anatomia da madeira, Erytroxylaceae, Erythroxylum substriatum, Recuperação de áreas degradadas, Reófitas. ABSTRACT [Anatomy of the wood of Erythroxylum substriatum].The wood of Erythroxylum substriatum (Erythroxylaceae) is anatomically described and illustrated with photomicrographs. The following features stand out in the anatomical structure: diffuse porosity; numerous vessels, solitary and in radial multiples; axial parenchyma both apotracheal and paratracheal; fine, abundant and decidedly heterogeneous rays; and wood fibers with small indistinctly bordered pits.
exceção dos dois primeiros caracteres, que têm ampla ocorrência no gênero em estudo, os demais agregam flexibilidade a ramos e caules e, sendo comuns em reófitas, confirmam a espécie como promissora para utilização em obras de engenharia natural e recuperação de áreas degradadas, em margens de cursos de água. Palavras-chave: anatomia da madeira; Apocynaceae; Aspidosperma riedelii; reófitas; restauração ecológica. ABSTRACT[Anatomy of the wood of Aspidosperma riedelii Müll. Arg. (Apocynaceae)].The wood of Aspidosperma riedelii is anatomically described and illustrated with photomicrographs. The following features stand out in the wood structure: diffuse porosity; solitary vessels; very small pores, with thin walls; apotracheal parenchyma; narrow rays, mostly uniseriate; and weakly lignified fibers. With exception of the two first anatomical features, which are of wide occurrence in the genus under study, the others add flexibility to branches and stems and, being common in reophytes, confirm the species as promising for use in soil bioengeneering works and restoration of degraded areas along waterways.
São anatomicamente descritos e ilustrados os lenhos de Lafoensia nummuraliifolia e Lafoensia pacari. Ambas as espécies apresentam porosidade difusa, vasos solitários e em curtos múltiplos radiais, elementos vasculares curtos, placas de perfuração simples, pontoações intervasculares alternas, pequenas, arredondadas e ornamentadas, parênquima axial ausente, raios finos heterogêneos e fibras septadas dimorfas (de paredes finas e espessas), em largas faixas tangenciais alternadas. Os vasos de diâmetro muito pequeno, bem como as fibras de paredes espessas e, em sua maioria, gelatinosas, atestam caráter reófilo a ambas as espécies.
The composition of the wood and its elements are considered determinants in the wood properties, standing out the fibers, axial parenchyma, number of vessels and rays. In this context, we aimed to investigate and describe the wood anatomical structure of the Erythroxylum myrsinites Mart. and identify its potential uses in the area of wood technology. From the tree, were removed three wood samples for the confection of anatomical slides, witch 3 × 3 × 3 cm, oriented we plans transversal, longitudinal and tangential longitudinal. For the preparation of histological blades, the method of Burger and Richter was adopted; the anatomical description was based on IAWA Committee recommendations. The species presents vessels numerous, solitary, composing 19% of the volume of wood. Diffuse porosity of polygonal contour and thin walls. Mean vascular elements, axial parenchyma representing 3% of the volume of the wood, in a paratracheal vasicentric arrangement. The rays are numerous, occupying 23% of the volume of the wood, narrow and heterogeneous, consisting of procumbent, square and erect cells. The fibers are libriform, of length medium and thick walls, occupying 55% of the volume of the wood, have spiral thickening and septate fibers, absent tracheids, and gelatinous fibers abundant. The characteristics presented give high flexibility to the stem and branches, and the wood with low specific mass, permeable and resistant to mechanical loads has potential for use in energy generation.
Bamboo plantation has gained great attention in Brazil due to its useful production provided to the society and the ecological, economic, social and cultural functions of these plantations. For the establishment of high productivity plantations, evaluation of germplasm and selection of superior genotypes is necessary. This work aimed at early evaluation of the genetic parameters of potential bamboo species for planting in Brasília/DF. For this purpose, a clonal test consisting of seven species was established: Bambusa oldhamii, Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa vulgaris var. vittata, Dendrocalamus asper, Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Guadua angustifolia and Guadua chacoensis. The experiment was planted in a completely randomized block design, with three replications and fifteen plants per plot. At 360 days after planting, all individuals were evaluated for their characteristics: height of aerial part, number of sprouts, clump base area, clump coverage area and density of stalks per clump. The statistical analyses were carried out through the procedure of mixed models: Maximum Residual Likelihood/Better Non-Victimised Linear Prediction. There were significant species effects on the characteristics of the aerial part height and number of shoots, as well as high estimates of selective accuracies. Genetic parameters and genotypic values demonstrate genetic variability between species and the possibility of future gains from selection. New evaluations will be carried out annually to aim a greater knowledge of the behavior of germplasms at different ages. At the age of five (commercial court), the best genotypes will be selected for the experimental environmental conditions.
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