SAME procedure increased the alar base width even performing the alar bases sutures; however, despite the widening of 1.6 mm, the clinical result was not compromised and better than without the technique.

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INTRODUÇÃO: a deficiência transversal da maxila é caracterizada pela atresia maxilar, palato ogival, apinhamento e rotação dos dentes, além da mordida cruzada posterior (uni ou bilateral). O tratamento dos pacientes com esta deficiência consiste no alargamento das bases ósseas maxilares. Nos pacientes com maturidade esquelética, a expansão da maxila é obtida através de procedimentos ortocirúrgicos (conhecidos como expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida - EMCA) que podem gerar efeitos sobre a cavidade e sobre o septo nasal. OBJETIVO: avaliar o comportamento do septo nasal frente aos procedimentos de EMCA. METODOLOGIA: foram avaliadas radiografias cefalométricas em norma póstero-anterior e radiografias oclusais totais de maxila, obtidas pela técnica convencional e posteriormente digitalizadas, de 16 pacientes submetidos à EMCA pela técnica de osteotomia Le Fort I subtotal. As radiografias foram obtidas no período pré-operatório (inicial) e pós-operatório mediato ou ao final da expansão e foram digitalizadas e mensuradas utilizando o programa DIGORA. Foram medidas, ainda, as distâncias entre os dentes (caninos, primeiro pré-molares, segundo pré-molares, primeiros molares e segundos molares). RESULTADOS: após a análise estatística pode-se constatar o aumento das distâncias interdentárias e intermaxilares, além do aumento da largura da porção basal da abertura piriforme e das distâncias entre a parede lateral da porção basal da abertura piriforme e o septo nasal. CONCLUSÃO: a EMCA é um procedimento eficaz, capaz de alargar a porção basal da abertura piriforme, que parece não influenciar no posicionamento do septo nasal.

The gingival sulcus depths increased during the initial post-operative periods. The SAME procedure increased the gingival sulcus depth of the upper central incisors.

A retained tooth is when, after normal eruption, is still covered by bone and/or soft tissue. 1 This can occur due to: early loss of deciduous teeth, dental anomalies, poor positioning of the dental germ or of adjacent teeth, lack of space for eruption, permanence of deciduous teeth, trauma, impacted hard, soft, or both tissues, supernumerary teeth, odontogenic cysts, and/or tumors. 2,3 Verri et al 4 indicated that lower third molars are the teeth that most remain impacted, followed by upper third molars, upper canines, and supernumerary teeth. These data were confirmed by other authors. 1,2Retained third molars can be classified according to the angle of the third molars' long axis compared with the adjacent second molars. 5 The vertical position is the most common, followed by mesial or mesioangulated, 6-8 but van der Linden et al 9 and Farish and Bouloux 10 ensured that the mesioangulated lower third molars are the most common position, followed by the vertical.According to Torres et al,7 in the Pell and Gregory 11 classification, the most common position for retained lower third molars is IIB (the space between the ascending and distal ramus of the second molar is smaller than the mesialdistal diameter of the lower third molar, and the highest position of the retained tooth is below the occlusal plane and above the cervical line of the lower second molar), which were the same data uncovered by Nery et al. 12 The presence of these teeth is related to complications such as caries, radicular resorption of adjacent teeth, pericoronaritis, local pain, cyst, or tumor alterations, 10,13,14 and may also increase two 15,16 to three 17,18 times the risk of mandible angle fractures in patients submitted to mandibular trauma, as such a situation makes this region more fragile. 19,20 Keywords ► third molar ► impacted mandible third molar ► mandibular fractures ► angle fracture ► fracture healing AbstractThe objective of this study is to discuss problems associated with dental retention through three clinical cases of mandible fractures related to the presence of retained lower third molars, emphasizing the possibility of mandible fractures resulting from this or from the extraction procedure. The three evaluated patients had a fracture in the mandible angle. The third molars were present in all the cases, as was the relationship of the fracture with the teeth. After evaluating the three cases and reviewing literature, it is believed that the presence of the retained lower third molars and the surgical procedures for their extraction increase the risk of mandible angle fractures.

Over a 5-year period, an Ommaya's reservoir has been inserted in a single neurosurgical centre in each of 64 preterm infants with post-haemorrhage ventricular dilatation (PHVD). Their mean gestational age at birth was 29.2 weeks. The average age at reservoir insertion was 24 days. Seventeen infants received a fibrinolytic agent through the reservoir. Infections occurred in 14 patients. Two patients died after handling of their reservoirs. Thirty-one of the 45 survivors required a shunt placement. After a follow-up ranging from 6 months to more than 4 years, 17 of 43 patients have severe sequelae or are handicapped. Compared with the results of other studies, our experience does not suggest that treatment of PHVD with an Ommaya's reservoir is beneficial in term of mortality, shunt placement, and/or neurological outcome. The place of Ommaya's reservoir among the various means of managing PHVD should be carefully evaluated, as should the best way of using this appliance safely.

INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento da deficiência transversal de maxila, em adultos, exige a expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida. Diversas técnicas cirúrgicas são conhecidas para a realização desse procedimento, porém estas relacionam-se com complicações. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de complicações associadas ao procedimento de expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Trinta e três indivíduos com deficiência transversal de maxila foram submetidos ao procedimento de expansão pela técnica da osteotomia Le Fort I subtotal com degrau no pilar zigomático-maxilar, disjunção ptérigo-maxilar e osteotomia da sutura intermaxilar. Durante os períodos trans e pós-operatório, as complicações relacionadas ao procedimento e as distâncias interdentais foram registradas. RESULTADO: Doze homens e 21 mulheres, com idade média de 24,64 anos, submeteram-se ao procedimento. As mensurações das distâncias interdentais evidenciaram aumento das mesmas entre os períodos pré-operatório e pós-operatório de 2 meses. As complicações prevalentes foram sinusite (6%) e deslocamento associado à inclinação dental (6%). CONCLUSÃO: A expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida é um procedimento eficaz e de baixa morbidade para o tratamento da deficiência transversal de maxila em indivíduos adultos.