Objective To describe the outcomes of patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) transported to hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. Methods This was a multi‐centre observational study of patients presenting with OHCA to one of five tertiary care hospital EDs in Hanoi from 2017 to 2019. Results We analysed data from 239 OHCA cases of which 70.7% were witnessed, and 8.4% received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The emergency medical services (EMS) transported 20.5% of cases to hospital with the remaining being transported by private vehicle. No patients received external defibrillation before arriving to hospital. Return of spontaneous circulation in hospital was 33.1%, with 3.8% of patients survived to hospital discharge and only one patient (0.4%) discharged from hospital with a favourable neurological outcome. Conclusions In cases of OHCA in Hanoi, both the proportion of cases receiving bystander CPR and EMS transportation were small. Urgent investments in pre‐hospital capacity, training and capabilities are required to improve outcomes for OHCA in Hanoi.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine why bystanders did not use formal Emergency Medical Services (EMS) or conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on the scene for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in Hanoi, Vietnam. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of OHCA patients admitted to five tertiary hospitals in the Hanoi area from June 2018 through January 2019. The data were collected through interviews (using a structured questionnaire) with bystanders. Results: Of the 101 patients, 79% were aged <65 years, 71% were men, 79% were witnessed to collapse, 36% were transported to the hospital by formal EMS, and 16% received bystander CPR at the scene. The most frequently indicated reason for not using EMS by the attendants was “using a private vehicle or taxi is faster” (85%). The reasons bystanders did not conduct CPR at the scene included “not recognizing the ailment as cardiac arrest” (60%), “not knowing how to perform CPR” (33%), and “being afraid of doing harm to patients” (7%). Only seven percent of the bystanders had been trained in CPR. Conclusion: The information revealed in this study provides useful information to indicate what to do to increase EMS use and CPR provision. Spreading awareness and training among community members regarding EMS roles, recognition of cardiac arrest, CPR skills, and dispatcher training to assist bystanders are crucial to improve the outcomes of OHCA patients in Vietnam.

Cardiac arrest is associated with high mortality if without early diagnosis and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Each minute without emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the patient’s chance of survival is reduced by ten percent, even if properly resuscitated but not recirculated, the chance of survival is reduced by four percent. Therefore, CPR should be ferformed as soon as patient is diagnosed with cardiac arrest with the signs of unconsciousness, apnea, loss of carotid pulse and inguinal pulse. Chest compression plays an important role in the success of CPR. There is emphasis on the characteristics of high-quality CPR: compressing the chest at an adequate rate and depth, allowing complete chest recoil after each compression, minimizing interruptions in compressions, and avoiding excessive ventilation. Emergency coronary angiography is recommended for all patients with ST elevation and for hemodynamically or electrically unstable patients without ST elevation for whom a cardiovascular lesion is suspected. All adult patients with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest should have targeted temperature management (TTM) to prevent poor neurologic outcome. Key words: Cardiac arrest, targeted temperature management, the 2015 AHA Guideline on CPR and ECC

Background: Osteoporosis is a serious and costly public health problem. This is a disease of bone system characterized by low bone mass density, damaged and changed bone tissue structure, gradual decrease of bone tolerance and increased bone fracture risk. Osteoporosis usually occurs in elderly people, especially women during the premenopausal and postmenopausal. But osteoporosis is a preventable disease because of the risky factors of diseases caused by lifestyle and diet, these factors can be controlled by each individuals. Aims: The aims of this research are (1) to estimate the osteoporosis rate in 50-year-old women to recommend educational measures and to help them detect early osteoporosis; (2) to find out currently the relations among osteoporosis and other risky factors, (3) to evaluate their knowledge in osteoporosis prevention. It is one of important steps in propaganda prevention. Methods: Cross sectional study in 1096 over 50-year-old women was measured bone density by Quantitative Computed tomography the lumbar spine in Thong Nhat hospital - Dong Nai province. Osteoporosis is defined according to WHO standards (1994). Results: Overall rate of osteoporosis in the study is 61.4%, the rate of bone loss increases with age. Some factors: old age, menopause, underweight, overweight or obesity; less physical exercise; the women gave births more than 3 times ; drinking coffee > 3 times a day; other chronic digestive diseases, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, long time corticoid therapy. They are the risky factors relating to osteoporosis. The osteoporosis knowledge in over 50-year-old women in the research is very low (7.9%). Key words: osteoporosis, bone mineral density, Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT), risky factor.