Background: A cleft occurs when certain body parts and structures do not fuse together during fetal development. Clefts can involve the lip and/or the roof of the mouth (palate). There are varying opinions on the actual incidence of clefts. Some experts say that the highest cleft incidences are among Asians. As there are very few studies regarding the incidence of cleft lip and palate in North Karnataka, this study was conducted. Materials and Methods:The data was collected from the patients of the hospital of ESIC Medical College Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India.Result: The occurrence of cleft lip was more compared to, in combination with cleft palate and cleft palate alone. The exact cause of cleft lip and palate is not known but most experts agree that the causes of cleft lip and/or palate are multifactorial and may include a genetic predisposition, as well as environmental or nutritional factors. In this study the type of malformation, the difference in the gender of patients, the parental age during marriage and the consanguineous marriage are studied in detail. The Malformations were more on the left side compared to right side. This anomaly was observed more in male patients than female patients. Conclusion:As the parental age is one of the predisposing factor. In this study the age of parents was found less than Twenty years in most of the cases. The consanguineous marriage is also considered as one of the risk factor, this study found that most of the parents had consanguineous marriage.

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Background and Objective Identification of sex, age, race and stature is the most important aspect of any forensic investigation. There is a strong correlation of stature with hand dimensions and if either of the measurements is known, the other can be calculated. With this objective, the present study was designed to correlate the hand dimensions with stature of an individual and to record the standard deviation in the estimation of stature. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1000 participants (500 male and 500 female) of ESIC Institute Gulbarga over a period of 14 months. Hand dimensions along with stature and weight were measured. Linear regression coefficient was calculated. Results Mean stature was 161.88 cm. Mean hand length was 18.11 cm on right side and 18.10 cm on left side. Mean hand breadth was 9.91 cm on right side and 9.83 cm on left side. Conclusion Highly significant difference in right and left side mean hand length and breadth measurements was observed. Also observed was a strong positive statistically significant correlation between height and hand dimensions. This data might be useful for forensic, epidemiological and anthropometric studies where stature determination is of utmost importance.

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