Digital television technology has more benefit than analog television, for example several TV channel may included in one frequency channel. The changing from analog to digital televisions system require more innovative antenna parameter such as working frequency, bandwidth, return loss, VSWR, and gain. In other hand, the size of the antenna must be minimalized, so it can be integrated inside digital television. This research used metamaterial element of Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSSR) method with negative permittivity that manufactured in the patch and Double Pole Ground Plane in the ground side. The antenna ad 478-694 operating frequency. Antenna design and simulation using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Microwave Studio 2012. The result show that return-loss value < -10 dB, and VSWR = 2 at 478-625 MHz range of frequency. Te value of gain is 3.27 dBi, it has 147 MHz bandwidth, and omnidirectional radiation pattern.
Merit order adalah metode paling sederhana dalam economic dispatch yang dilakukan dengan mengurutkan pembangkit dari yang paling rendah sampai yang paling tinggi biaya operasinya. Pembangkit yang paling rendah biaya operasinya (Rp/MWh) dianggap sebagai pembangkit yang paling ekonomis. Penelitian ini membahas tentang perhitungan daya pada pembangkit dengan menggunakan metode merit order. Ada tiga pembangkit yang digunakan untu menyuplai beban sebesar 975 MW. Simulasi digunakan dengan memperhitungkan losses. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa merit order membantu dispatcher untuk mengambil keputusan lebih cepat. SOP merit order dibuat berdasarkan biaya operasi pembangkit sehingga harus selalu disesuaikan dengan harga bahan bakar terkini.
This study discusses the use of perturb and observation algorithm in the application of maximum power point tracking. The algorithm is simulated and tested hardware in two shading conditions. The results show the similarity result of hardware testing and simulation.
In planning the installation of solar panels at a location, it is necessary to have solar irradiance data at that location. Solar irradiance data is obtained through direct measurements using a solar irradiance meter. Solar irradiance measuring instruments usually use one of three types of sensors, including thermopile (pyranometer), solar cells, or photodiodes. Each has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of solar cell sensors are that they have a faster response to sunlight, are more in line with the production of energy produced by solar panels and have a more economical price compared to other sensors. Solar irradiance is directly proportional to the short-circuit current of the solar cell. The aim of this research is to design an Arduino Uno-based device to measure the insolation and irradiance of sunlight, equipped with a data logger to support data analysis. The solar power meter is designed using a solar cell reference with a short circuit current of 455 mA. The microcontroller board used is Arduino UNO ATmega328 while the current sensor used is WCS2801 with a sensitivity of 2mA/mV. Irradiation, current and insolation data are recorded and stored every minute using a datalogger to SD card with a capacity of 16 GB. the average of % error when testing the comparison of readings with photodiode-based solar power meter is 1.747%. The highest point of sun insolation is 5.56.kWh/m2 during three-day period of data logging and it is achieved when solar cell is positioned horizontally on the terrace.
<strong>Continuing the previous article that use merit order, the simplest method in economic dispatch, this article pursue to optimize the output of three power plants using more advanced algorithm, the firefly. The plants used are similar to the previous paper which are three generators used to supply a load of 975 MW. Simulation is used by taking into account losses. The results show that in spite of having higher losses, firefly algorithm managed to calculate a better result than merit orders did by 0,15%. </strong>
Peramalan cuaca memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan terutama untuk penelitian berbasis renewable energy arena peramalan cuaca ke depan dapat memprediksi besarnya energi yang dihasilkan oleh suatu pembangkit berbasis fenomena alam seperti energi tenaga matahari dan energi tenaga angin. Sementara itu, peramalan cuaca menghadapi permasalahan seperti terbatasnya data variabel cuaca karena terbatasnya jumlah stasiun pengamatan cuaca, dan tingkat akurasi data yang masih rendah karena pengamatan dilakukan secara konvensional dan tidak dilakukan secara kontinyu. Automatic weather station (AWS) adalah salah satu solusi dari permasalahan tersebut karena AWS adalah stasiun meteorologi yang bekerja secara otomatis dan kontinyu baik dalam pengukuran dan pencatatan variabel cuaca sehingga memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi. Penelitian AWS bertujuan merancang sistem pengamatan cuaca secara otomatis dan kontinyu sehingga data yang dikumpulkan oleh AWS dapat digunakan peramalan cuaca yang selanjutnya mampu mendukung program renewable energy. Data yang dihasilkan dari AWS yang dirancang ini cukup baik. Namun perlu dikalibrasi agar data dari AWS benar-benar akurat, berdasarkan data yang dihasilkan dari AWS pengambilan data yang ideal adalah per menit hingga setengah jam, dan desain bentuk sangkar AWS harus dirancang serta mungkin agar komponen tidak terkena cipratan air hujan. Namun tetap harus bisa membaca parameter kecepatan angin yang terukur secara akurat.— weather forecasting has a very important role in life especially for renewable energy-based research because future forecasting weather can predict the amount of energy generated by a generator based on a natural phenomenon of energy and energy generators. meanwhile, weather forecasting faces problems such as limitation of weather variable data because the number of weather observation stations are limited, and data accuracy levels still low because observations are conventionally performed and not conventionally done. automatic weather station (aws) is one of the solutions to those problems because aws is a meteorological station that works automatically and continuously in measuring and recording weather variables to have a high level. aws research objectives to design automatic and continuous weather observation system so that the data collected by aws can be used for weather forecasting which can support renewable energy programs. the data generated from this designed aws is very good. but it needs to be calibrated for the data from aws to be really accurate, based on data generated from aws the ideal data collection is per minutes to half hours, and the aws cage form design should be designed as well as possible to accurate the component. but still must be able to read accurately measured wind speed parameters.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.