Aim:This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of various irrigation regimens on push-out bond strength of AH Plus/gutta-percha, Real Seal/Resilon, and MetaSeal/gutta-percha at three different root levels.Materials and Methods:Single-rooted mandibular premolars (n = 120) were prepared and divided into four groups (n = 30) based on irrigation regimen used: I: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); II: 5.25% NaOCl-2.25% Peracetic acid (PAA); III: 5.25% NaOCl-18% 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) (Etidronic Acid); and IV: Distilled Water. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 10); A: AH Plus/gutta-percha; B: MetaSEAL/gutta-percha; C: RealSeal/Resilon. After obturation, roots were sectioned at 3 levels and push-out tests were performed. One-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey-honestly significant difference tests were applied to assess the significance among various groups.Results:Among irrigants, 2.25% PAA showed significantly lower values when compared with rest of the irrigants. There was no significant difference found among EDTA and HEBP. The push-out bond strength of AH Plus was significantly higher among all sealers. The bond strength values were significantly decreased in apico-coronal direction.Conclusions:There was superior efficacy of EDTA and HEBP on the bond strength of AH Plus at apical root level when compared with other irrigants and sealers at various root levels.
Coumarin is a heterocyclic scaffold and its derivatives namely Schiff bases, esters, and hydrazides, etc, play an
important role in the field of agrochemical and pharmaceutical industry due to its structure. Over the years, various biological
activities like antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-cancerous, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-filarial, enzyme
inhibitors, anti-aflatoxigenic, analgesics, antioxidant and Oestrogenic, etc had been analyzed. This review covers the latest
literature and knowledge on the synthetic procedures for various coumarin and its derivatives, biological and pharmacological
applications.
A newer class of Gemini amphiphiles was prepared using D-glucitol as a template. C 18 alkyl chains are incorporated on the template to confer hydrophobicity while monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) moiety of varied size imparts hydrophilicity. An acetonide group mounted on glucitol moiety is used to maintain rigidity in the amphiphilic architecture and to study its impact on aggregation and transport ability.The aggregation behavior of the synthesized amphiphiles was studied through fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Their nanotransport potential was demonstrated using hydrophobic model guests like the fluorescent dye Nile red and the pharmacologically active agent curcumin. Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake studies were carried out over HeLa cancer cells to evaluate their biological applicability. The ester functionalities in the amphiphiles enable them to exhibit sensitivity towards hydrolases. Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym-435) has been successfully utilized to facilitate the enzyme-assisted release of the encapsulated dye.
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