Overview of Coumarins and its Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Activity

Abstract

Coumarin is a heterocyclic scaffold and its derivatives namely Schiff bases, esters, and hydrazides, etc, play an important role in the field of agrochemical and pharmaceutical industry due to its structure. Over the years, various biological activities like antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-cancerous, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-filarial, enzyme inhibitors, anti-aflatoxigenic, analgesics, antioxidant and Oestrogenic, etc had been analyzed. This review covers the latest literature and knowledge on the synthetic procedures for various coumarin and its derivatives, biological and pharmacological applications.

Exploration of novel syringic esters as antifungal agent against phytopathogenic fungi of maize: Structure‐activity studies

“…Compound ( 4) gave (C-F) stretching at 1058 cm -1 and compound ( 7) showed (C-Br) stretching at 615 cm -1 . Halogen stretching in the same range was also reported by Verma et al [30], Prasanna Kumar et al [34], and Sahni et al [27], respectively. Cyano (CN) group stretching was recorded at 2449 cm -1 in compound ( 7) [27].…”

“…Halogen stretching in the same range was also reported by Verma et al [30], Prasanna Kumar et al [34], and Sahni et al [27], respectively. Cyano (CN) group stretching was recorded at 2449 cm -1 in compound ( 7) [27].…”

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Studies of Novel Coumarin-Based 4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromenes as Potent β-Glucuronidase and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

“…Owing to the great therapeutic potential of synthetic coumarins as enzyme inhibitory molecules and important drug candidates, ,, the prepared coumarin-based pyranochromenes captivated our attention to bring about this study. Thus, the β-glucuronidase inhibitory power of synthesized derivatives ( 12a – 12m ) was checked by utilizing the literature protocol and IC 50 values calculated were compared with std.…”

“…The synthesis of efficient heterocyclic molecules with a natural product core and their exploration as therapeutic agents against human diseases have become an indispensable paradigm of clinical trials in modern drug development . Chromenes and coumarins are among the O-ring heterocycles with a benzopyrone skeleton and have gained the attention of pharmaceutical chemists for a number of years because of their therapeutic potential and biological significance. , The ubiquitous chromene framework is well known for several pharmacological activities like antifungal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-allergic, antiulcer, and anti-inflammatory activities . Furthermore, fused-chromene compounds are renowned to exhibit a wide range of therapeutic applications starting with antitumor, antileishmanial, antiproliferation, anti-HIV agent, and antioxidative applications .…”

Apiaceae Medicinal Plants: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Bolting and Flowering, and Controlling Approaches

“…from the AMPs, such as 99 coumarins in Ferula (Xing et al, 2012), 116 coumarins in Angelica decursiva and Peucedanum praeruptorum (Song et al, 2021), as well as 9 coumarins in Angelica dahurica (Xie et al, 2022). Furthermore, 8 coumarins have been selected as quality markers To date, various biological activities of coumarins have been demonstrated including antifungal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-cancerous, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-filarial, enzyme inhibitors, antiaflatoxigenic, analgesics, antioxidant, and oestrogenic (Fylaktakidou et al, 2004;Ngo et al, 2010;Reddy et al, 2004;Sahni et al, 2021). For example, coumarins are recognized as the main bioactive constituents in Peucedani genus and play critical roles in relieving cough and asthma, strengthening heart function, as well as preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases (Wang et al, 2022a).…”