RESUMO - PLANTING DENSITY AND YIELD OF SOUR PASSION FRUIT IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL ABSTRACT -between the planting densities, and the fruit quality had been influenced neither by planting densities nor by the vegetative period.
Peach hand thinning improves fruit quality; however, it requires a high demand of labor and increases production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators applied at post-flowering as an alternative to hand thinning of peaches. The experiment was conducted with peach cultivar Jubileu, in 2012. The treatments consisted of no thinning, hand thinning 45 days after full bloom (DAFB), ethephon (85 and 120 mg L-1), benzyladenine (BA) (400 mg L-1), and BA plus gibberellic acid (GA4 + 7) (400 mg L-1) applied 40 DAFB. BA-treated plants were not different from non-thinned plants, had excessive load, and smaller diameter fruit. Treatment with ethephon at 120 mg L-1 resulted in excessive thinning and decreased yield in comparison with other treatments. Plants treated with 85 mg L-1 ethephon and BA + AG4 + 7 (400 mg L-1) had fruit abscission, crop load, production per plant and fruit diameter similar to hand-thinned plants. In 2013, an increased number of flower buds was observed in treatments with ethephon and also reduction of this trait in BA and BA + GA4 + 7 applications. Ethephon at 85 mg L-1 can be an alternative of chemical thinning in 'Jubileu' peaches, without compromising the return of flower bud numbers in the next crop.
-The thinning peach fruits is to reduce the load of the plant with the aim to improve the size, flavor and color of the remaining fruits. However, the practice of thinning requires high demand of manpower and become more expensive the production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction of flowering buds and the time of hand thinning in 'Maciel' peach after gibberellic acid (GA 3 ÁCIDO GIBERÉLICO REDUZ O FLORESCIMENTO E O TEMPO DE RALEIO MANUAL EM PESSEGUEIRO 'MACIEL'RESUMO-O raleio de frutos em pessegueiro visa a reduzir a carga da planta com o objetivo de melhorar o tamanho, o sabor e a coloração dos frutos remanescentes. No entanto, a prática do raleio exige alta demanda de mão de obra, encarecendo os custos de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a redução de gemas floríferas e o tempo de raleio manual em pessegueiro 'Maciel' após a aplicação de ácido giberélico (AG 3 ), em diferentes épocas e concentrações. O experimento foi realizado nas safras de 2012 e 2013, em pomar comercial de pessegueiro localizado no município do Morro Redondo-RS. Plantas de pessegueiro 'Maciel', em 2012, foram pulverizadas com quatro doses de ácido giberélico: 0; 25; 75 e 125 mg L -1, em três épocas: 20; 40 e 60 dias após a plena floração (DAPF). O número de gemas floríferas e, consequentemente, o número de flores foram reduzidos na safra de 2013. Houve redução do tempo de raleio manual mais acentuado nas doses aplicadas aos 60 DAPF. As doses de 25; 75 e 125 mg L -1 aplicadas aos 60 DAPF acarretaram em redução de 50,1; 76,9 e 87,1%, respectivamente, no tempo de raleio manual. Nas condições do sul do Rio Grande do Sul, a dose de 25 mg L -1 de ácido giberélico aplicada aos 60 DAPF reduz o número de gemas floríferas e o tempo de raleio manual no ciclo subsequente, em pessegueiro 'Maciel', sem comprometer a produção. Termos para indexação: Pêssego, giberelinas, retorno da floração, inibição de flores, mão de obra, frutíferas de caroço.
O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção, o retorno da floração e a qualidade físico-química dos frutos de pessegueiro após a utilização de Promalin® (BA + GA4+7) em diferentes doses e épocas de aplicação. O experimento foi realizado no Centro Agropecuário da Palma, na Universidade Federal de Pelotas, no município do Capão do Leão - RS, no ano de 2012. Foram utilizados pessegueiros do cultivar Jubileu, com 13 anos de idade, enxertados sobre o portaenxerto Capdeboscq e com densidade de 1.481 plantas ha-1. Os tratamentos foram: plantas sem aplicação (controle), plantas tratadas com benziladenina (BA) + giberilinas (GA4+7) nas doses de 50 e 100 mg L-1, aplicados 10 dias após a plena floração (DAPF) e 30 DAPF. Foram avaliados a produtividade das plantas e os atributos de qualidade físico-química dos frutos. A aplicação do fitorregulador a 30 DAPF resultou em um incremento de 6,62 kg por planta e proporcionou frutos de maior calibre (> 65 mm); no entanto, não houve diferença estatística entre as doses de 50 e 100 mg L-1. Independentemente das doses utilizadas neste trabalho, a época de aplicação (30 DAPF) foi o fator preponderante para a eficiência dos fitorreguladores no aumento da produção por planta, massa média, diâmetro e firmeza de polpa dos frutos de pessegueiro cv. Jubileu. O número total de gemas floríferas nos ramos é reduzido com a aplicação BA + GA4+7.
Aims:This study aimed at evaluating genotypes of passion fruit regarding the quality and yield of their fruits in southern Brazil. Study Design: The experimental design randomized complete block design with four genotypes and eight repetitions. The experimental unit, which was constituted by four plants, total forty plants per treatment. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at the Centro Agropecuário da Palma, which belongs to the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, located in Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiment was conducted during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons. Methodology: Experiments were carried with the following genotypes: Passiflora edulis Catarina, Passiflora alata Urussanga, Passiflora edulis BRS Sol do Cerrado and Passiflora edulis BRS Rubi Original Research Article Weber et al.; JEAI, 18(6): 1-8, 2017; Article no.JEAI.37819 2 do Cerrado. We measured in the present study productivity, yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per hectare, mean fruit mass, soluble solids, titratable acidity, SS/TA relation, epidermis color, pericarp thickness, mean fruit length, mean fruit diameter and pulp yield. Results: In 2013/2014 season, the yield of the yellow passion fruit BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado and Catarina stood out. In this seasons, in general, the yellow passion fruit showed more productive capacity than the selection of the sweet passion fruit Urussanga. In 2014/2015 season, the genotype BRS Sol do Cerrado (20.36 Mg ha -1 ) had better data on yield than both genotypes Catarina (18.07 Mg ha -1 ) and Urussanga (12.05 Mg ha -1 ). The genotypes BRS Sol Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado and Catarina excelled in fruit mass, fruit length, fruit diameter and pulp yield. The passion fruit Urussanga had the lowest titratable acidity (2,05% citric acid in 2013/2014 and 2,07% citric acid in 2014/2015) and the highest contents of soluble solids (13,98°Brix in 2013/2014 and 14,27°Brix in 2014 in fruits. Conclusion: However, all evaluated genotypes show potential for production in southern Brazil. The physical-chemical quality of the fruits of the genotypes, show differences between them, however all are within the acceptable parameters.
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