Female individuals of Hyphessobrycon eques were exposed to Diflubenzuron (Dimilin(®)) in order to determine whether exposure to sublethal levels of this insecticide causes changes in gill morphology. Fish were exposed to 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0mgL(-1) for 96h and 17 days and then submitted to pathological and histometric evaluation. Pathological lesions, such as hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, vascular congestion, secondary lamellar disarray, vasodilatation, hemorrhage and increased lamellar epithelium, were significantly more common in the gills of fish exposed to Dimilin(®) than the control. Histometric analysis documented significant changes in blood vessel diameter, primary lamellae width and secondary lamellae length, and the appearance of hemorrhage foci in all concentrations tested. Even at low Dimilin(®) concentrations, the histopathological alteration index was mild to moderate, thereby indicating that the function of this tissue was compromised. These findings indicate that indiscriminate use of Dimilin(®) can adversely affect the structural integrity of the gills of H. eques, which can cause numerous problems for fish farming systems.

RESUMO O Thiodan

Physalaemus feioi is a South American frog endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest that occurs in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. We evaluated sexual dimorphism, female fertility, and diet of P. feioi from two locations in the state of Minas Gerais, including the type locality of the species. We collected 73 individuals (16 adult females and 57 adult males). The number of oocytes of P. feioi (x̅ = 1385 ±498.13) was higher than in other species of the genus, such as P. maculiventris, P. signifer, P. cuvieri, and P. ephippifer, but it resembles that of P. centralis, P. kroyeri, and P. marmoratus. The prey items with the highest index of importance were Coleoptera (IIR = 24.26) and Formicidae (IIR = 16.46). We found no sex differences regarding the number of ingested prey and the volume of the stomach contents. In summary, Physalaemus feioi was similar to other species of the genus regarding sexual dimorphism, fecundity, and feeding habits.

Objetivou-se, com a realização deste trabalho, avaliar o desempenho de um reator de leito estático granular no tratamento de solução sintética simulando águas residuárias de indústrias de laticínios. Amostras do afluente e do efluente do reator foram submetidas às análises de DQO, turbidez, condutividade elétrica e pH. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o sistema mostrou ser alternativa promissora para tratamento de águas residuárias oriundas de laticínios, apresentando, com um tempo de detenção hidráulica de 48 horas, eficiências médias de 96% na remoção de DQO e 93% na de turbidez. Ademais, observou-se que proporcionou a manutenção da alcalinidade no meio, possibilitando que o processo fosse conduzido em condições de estabilidade. O tratamento da água residuária sintética estudada com o uso do reator de leito estático granular proporcionou atendimento à legislação para lançamento de efluentes em corpos hídricos no que tange à concentração de matéria orgânica.Palavras-chave: tratamento anaeróbio; efluente de laticínios; remoção de DQO; reator biológico. USE OF THE STATIC GRANULAR BED REACTOR IN TREATMENT OF DAIRY WASTEWATER ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of a static granular bed reactor to treat synthetic solution simulating wastewater from dairy industries. Influent and effluent samples were analyzed for COD, turbidity, electrical conductivity and pH. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that the system proved to be a promising alternative for treatment of effluents from dairy industry, presenting, with a hydraulic residence time of 48 hours, average efficiencies of 96% for COD removal and 93% for turbidity removal. Furthermore, it was observed the maintaining of alkalinity in the medium, indicating an operation under stable conditions. The treatment of dairy wastewater using static granular bed reactor provided appropriate effluent according to law for discharging on water bodies regarding organic matter concentration.Keywords: anaerobic treatment; wastewater of dairy products; COD removal; biological reactor.