Society is going through a pandemic because of COVID-19 originating in Wuhan (China), which has triggered crises in all the nations of the world, which has transformed daily life, due to the measures taken by governments to stop the increase in infections. However, isolation, quarantine, concern, and fear of contagion and/or death have directly affected mental health. La sociedad está atravesando por una pandemia como consecuencia del COVID- 19 origina en Wuhan (China) que ha desencadenado crisis en todas las naciones delmundo, que ha transformado la cotidianidad, debido a las medidas tomadas por los gobiernos para detener el aumento de contagios, sin embargo, el aislamiento, la cuarentena, la preocupación y temor por el contagio y/o muerte ha afectado directamente la salud mental.
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la conceptualización del riesgo psicosocial y sus factores desde el entorno laboral. Para el cumplimiento del propósito investigativo se realizó mediante un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental, a través de datos secundarios como fuente de información, es decir, analizando datos recopilados en anteriores investigaciones. Concluyendo que los factores de riesgo psicosocial pueden convertir en un medio de salud o de enfermedad para los trabajadores.
Este trabajo es un análisis investigativo que pretende dar a conocer los principales hallazgos que se han dado en los últimos años desde la perspectiva del bienestar laboral. El objetivo es determinar los factores que influyen en las personas dentro el contexto laboral y de qué manera la organización puede garantizar sus necesidades básicas. El trabajo es un derecho y una herramienta social, por esta razón se elaboran programas en las organizaciones públicas y privadas, en donde la función principal es conseguir que la salud sea protegida y promocionada en las diferentes áreas de trabajo. El estrés laboral es una de las variables que influye en el comportamiento y que está afectando el grado de satisfacción del empleado. Por este motivo es necesario desde la psicología organizacional crear herramientas que apoyen la gestión de recursos humanos con la finalidad de promover el bienestar, la salud mental y la satisfacción laboral.
Background: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease involving multiple organs, devices, and systems involving important changes in the stomatognathic system, such as in the orofacial muscles, temporomandibular joint, cheeks, nose, jaw, maxilla, oral cavity, lips, teeth, tongue, hard/soft palate, larynx, and pharynx. Patients with obesity indicated for bariatric surgery reportedly presented with abnormalities in the structures and function of the stomatognathic apparatus. This occurs through the accumulation of adipose tissue in the oral cavity and pharyngeal and laryngeal regions. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to elucidate the changes occurring in the stomatognathic system of patients with obesity after undergoing bariatric surgery. Method: Information was searched based on the equations developed with the descriptors obtained in DECS and MESH using the PRISMA methodology. Studies published between 2010 and October 2021 in databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Scielo, Dialnet, EBSCO, and Springer Link were considered. Results: Eighty articles met the inclusion criteria after evaluating the articles, thereby allowing for the determination of the morphophysiological correlation of the stomatognathic system with the population studied. At the morphological or structural level, changes were observed in the face, nose, cheeks, maxilla, jaw, lips, oral cavity, teeth, tongue, palate, temporomandibular joint, neck, muscles, head, shoulders, larynx, and pharynx. At the morphological level, the main changes occurred in, and the most information was obtained from, the labial structures, teeth, muscles, pharynx, and larynx. Physiological changes were in breathing, phonation, chewing, and swallowing, thereby revealing the imbalance in basic and vital functions. Conclusions: Analyzing the changes and structures of obese patients and candidates for bariatric surgery revealed that, in the preoperative period, the evidence is clear owing to the presence of a wide range of information. However, the information is more limited regarding the postoperative period; thus, further research focusing on characterization of the system postoperatively is warranted.
Currently, the pandemic caused by COVID-19 and the various measures to stop the contagion has developed multiple crises in society. The work environment has been transformed, occupational diseases have increased, therefore, it was decided to analyze the information published on the current problem and it was found that according to statistics, depressive, panic, and stress disorders have increased, due to social isolation, the change in routine and new ways of exercising job responsibilities, leading to a decrease in people’s psychological well-being. Actualmente la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19y las diversas medidas para detener el contagio han desarrollado múltiples crisis en la sociedad.
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