Purpose: To assess the outcome of scleral buckling surgery using a non-contact wide-angle viewing system for fundus visualization in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment without proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Patients and Methods: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients underwent scleral buckling using a non-contact wide-angle viewing system combined with a 25-gauge illumination fibre inserted into the sclera at the pars plana. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.6 ± 13.7 years and the mean follow-up time was 13.4 ± 2.8 months. Retinal reattachment was achieved in 13 of the 16 eyes (81%). Three eyes underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil injection because of development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in 2 eyes and scleral perforation due to excessive indentation during cryoretinopexy in 1 eye. Two eyes developed limited subretinal haemorrhage during subretinal fluid drainage. Conclusion: Simultaneous use of a non-contact wide-angle viewing system combined with a 25-gauge light fibre illumination for fundus visualization brings the advantages of microsurgery and indirect ophthalmoscopy into scleral buckling surgery.

This review aims to provide a critical digest of the recent studies that enhance our understanding of Behçet's syndrome by evaluating time trends, differences in disease course between men and women, and between patients with an early and late disease onset, progress in disease assessment, novel findings on immunopathogenesis and genetics, clinical features and differential diagnosis of eye, vascular, nervous system and gastrointestinal system involvement, and new data on treatment modalities including tofacitinib, and apremilast, as well as surgical interventions.

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Background: Genetic factors and oxidative damage have been shown to have a role in the development of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Aim: To determine the effects of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S transferase (GST)M1 and GSTT1 on the risk of POAG in a Turkish population. Methods: Using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms were analysed in 144 patients with POAG and in 121 otherwise healthy controls of similar age. Results: The GSTM1 positive genotype and the GSTT1 null genotype had an increased risk of developing POAG (p,0.001, OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.66 to 5.20 and OR 4.25, 95% CI 2.30 to 7.80, respectively). The risk of glaucoma also increased significantly in subjects with a combination of GSTM1 positive and GSTT1 null genotypes (p,0.001, OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.64 to 7.38). Conclusion: The GSTM1 positive genotype and GSTT1 null genotype or the combination of both may be associated with the increased risk of development of POAG in the Turkish population.

Ocular inflammatory disorders disproportionately affect women, and the majority of affected women are of childbearing age. The role of sex or reproductive hormones has been proposed in many other inflammatory or autoimmune disorders, and findings from non-ocular autoimmune diseases suggest a complex interaction between sex hormones, genetic factors and the immune system. However, despite the age and sex bias, factors that influence this disparity are complicated and unclear. This review aims to evaluate the gender disparities in prevalence, incidence and severity of the most common infectious and non-infectious ocular inflammatory disorders.