Introduction: Cataract, congenital heart defect, and hearing impairment are the three most common manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) that lead to developmental delay in the children. CRS usually present during the infant period of three months old as the median age number. Ironically, we found a 10-year-old boy who was diagnosed with CRS and there was no significant plan to improve his condition anymore because of his neglected by family. The purpose of this case report is to alert primary health workers and also ophthalmologists to do our best to prevent blindness due to cataracts in Indonesia with early detection. Case presentation: A 10-year-old boy was brought to the outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of difficulties in focusing the target in the classroom. The grandmother said that her grandson has already had a white plaque in his both eyes since he was born. The boy has also suffered from deaf-mutism. His visual acuity was hand movement and there was lens opacity in his both eyes. He also had posterior uveitis in both eyes followed by the presence of nystagmus. There was retinal detachment in ultrasonography (USG) examination. The patient has no cardiac abnormalities. Rubella infection was confirmed by the high number of IgG rubella serology. His grandmother had just brought the boy to the outpatient clinic because she never thought that the eyes needed therapy until the boy could not do his daily activities as the cataract worsen. Conclusions: The parent’s role is highly crucial for the visual outcome of patient with congenital ophthalmologic problems. Primary health worker also play a significant role in early detection that may prevent such incident. Delayed detection and management of congenital cataracts may cause permanent visual impairment and lead to patient’s poor quality of life.
Purpose: To report a management of challenging case of phacoemulsification in cataract with subluxated lens. Methods: A 63 male patient referred to RSDS with secondary lens induced glaucoma and cataract with subluxation around 210O on left eye. Patient was planned to undergone Phacoemulsification with combination of CTR and Iris Hook for lens extraction. Result: Postoperative result is satisfactory with minimal corneal edema. After 6 weeks of follow-up uncorrected vision is 5/8 with correction of S+0.25 became 5/5 and IOP is stable at 17 mmHg and the IOL was in placed in the bag and well centered. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification with iris hooks combined with CTR is one of surgery option that is safe and widely attainable for cataract with subluxated lens.
Curly red chili (Capsicum annum L.) is a horticultural plant that has high economic value. So many people are cultivating it. Chili plants are susceptible to the attack of Plant Disrupting Organisms (OPT) which can decrease the production yield and quality of chili harvests. One of the potentially damaging Plant Disrupting Organisms is pests, whose presence in chili plants is very diverse. The life cycle and eating activities are very detrimental to farmers because it will reduce the yield of chili plants. The purpose of this study is to find out the diversity of pest types and to determine the rate of attack from fruit fly pests (Bactrocera dorsalis) on the curly red chili plant (Capsicum annum L.). Research has been carried out in Cabeyan Village, Bendosari district, Sukoharjo. October 1, 2020 – February 28, 2021. The study used observational, descriptive, and interview methods. Data collection is done directly and sampling using random sampling methods. In this study found several types of pests consisting of 12 species divided into 11 species into phylum Artropoda and 1 Species of Phylum Mollusca. As well as the rate of attack of fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) with the highest average intensity of attack at 76% of the attack scale is very heavy.
Background: Underlying pathophysiology of posterior capsule opacification, a frequent visual disturbance postop complication of cataract surgery, is multifactorial. Several cytokines and growth factors, such as Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2), and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), have been found to play roles in the formation of PCO. Multiple advancements have been made including researches in therapeutic agents. Alteplase, a fibrinolytic agent, has been studied to decrease fibrin formation, which is a mechanism causing PCO. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alteplase on TGF-β expression in an anterior lens capsule fibrosis model resembling PCO. Methods: An experimental study was performed using cultured anterior lens capsule tissue taken during cataract surgery. Primary cell isolation culture and lens epithelial lens characterization were conducted. Following identification of lens epithelial cell and 90% confluency rate on cell culture, lens epithelial cells were divided into four groups and then scratched to induce inflammatory reaction resembling PCO process after cataract surgery. Doses of 25 mcg/ml, 50 mcg/ml, and 100 mcg/ml were then applied to each group of cell cultures with the other group serving as negative control. Using a fluorescein microscope, measurements to asses the influence of alteplase were taken 7 days after scratching by analyzing the intensity of fluoresce using FITC antibody of TGF-β. Results: The attenuation effect of alteplase to TGF-β expression was observed in all treatment groups; 25 µg/ml (15.5716x106 ±2.56558x10 6 ), 50 µg/ml (12.7364x106 ±1.67067x10 6 ), and 100 µg/ml group (7.8422x106 ±2.24941x106). The Tukey HSD posthoc tests found significant decrease between control group and each treatment group (p=0.019, p=0.000, and p=0.000; respectively). Conclusion: Alteplase within measure dose range holds potential effect in inhibiting fibrosis formation in PCO through attenuation of TGF-β
Introduction: To report clinical outcome after posterior capsule rupture complication in a cataract patient with partial-thickness macular hole. Case presentation: A 49-year-old woman was presented with blurred vision of the left eye two years before admission. The blurred vision increased, accompanied by eye dazzled on light exposure. There was a history of myopia on both eyes and partial-thickness macular hole in the left eye. The left eye visual acuity was 3/60 with S-7.00 correction became 5/12 no improvement with pinhole. There was a partial-thickness macular hole on the left eye in the optical coherence tomography macula. Cataract surgery was performed with intraoperative posterior capsule rupture (PCR) complication. Follow-up had been monitored from day-1 until day-60 postoperatively. Conclusions: The decision of performing cataract surgery prior to macular hole surgery is a good decision. Any intraoperative complication such as posterior capsule rupture should be followed up closely to avoid macular hole worsening. Long-term follow-up should be done to prevent the late complication after surgery.
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