Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) Bragg reflector with more excellent optical properties are investigated numerically. By introducing a finite array of periodic grooves on the two surfaces of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide, we fulfill the periodical changes of effective refractive index, which leads to the photonic band gap (PBG). And it has been further widened by inserting a dielectric material with higher refractive index in the waveguide with narrow slit width. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation confirms the widened bandgap. In addition, a SPP nanocavity is introduced by breaking the periodicity of our proposed structure.
Shape-controlled synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials has received great attention [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] due to their unique shapedependent properties and their various applications in catalysis, [1,10,11] electronics, [6,12] magnetics, [7,12] optics, [13] and biomedicine. [14] Among these nanomaterials, ultrathin twodimensional (2D) anisotropic nanomaterials are especially attractive due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and potential quantum size effects. [15,16] A variety of approaches have been developed to prepare such nanomaterials. Typical methods include vapor deposition, [17] templated synthesis, [18] electrochemical deposition, [19] sol-gel processing, [20] and solvothermal/hydrothermal treatments. [21] Solution-phase chemical synthesis has proven particularly effective in controlling the size and morphology of the nanomaterials. [1, 2, 6-8, 10, 16, 22] Ceria has been widely used in catalysis, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] optics, [31] sensors, [32] and solid oxide fuel cells. [33] Due to its high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), which originates from easy conversion between CeO 2 and CeO 2Àx , ceria has found its primary utilization in catalysis as an oxygen carrier. [23,30,[34][35][36][37] Ceria nanomaterials with various morphologies, mainly polyhedra, have been reported. [5,16,20,21,38] Recently, 1D ceria nanostructures, such as nanowires, have also been reported. [20] However, with the exception of one report on the preparation of nanosheets, [16] well-controlled 2D ceria nanomaterials have not been explored and the comparison of the OSC properties between 3D and 2D structures has not been possible. On the other hand, the different properties of the (100), (110), and (111) ceria facets has been debated. [5,28,39] There is no consensus on whether crystallographic orientation or particle size affects reactivities. [40] Therefore, high-quality ceria nanocrystals selectively exposing different low Miller-index surfaces, are crucial to enabling experiments that resolve the controversy.Here we report a simple, robust solution-phase synthesis of ultrathin ceria nanoplates in the presence of mineralizers. [41] The morphology of nanoplates can be easily controlled by changing reaction parameters, such as precursor ratio, reaction time, etc. In addition, we also prepare ceria nanomaterials in various 3D morphologies by hydrothermal [21] and combustion [42] methods. The OSC of our 2D ceria materials have been tested and compared to the OSC of their 3D counterparts.In brief, the synthesis of ceria nanoplates involves the thermal decomposition of cerium acetate at 320-330 8C in the presence of oleic acid and oleylamine as stabilizers and employs sodium diphosphate or sodium oleate as mineralizers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of ceria nanoplates are shown in Figure 1. Square ceria nanoplates (S-nanoplates, Figure 1 a) with an edge length of 11.9 nm (s = 7 %), are synthesized with sodium diphosphate as the mineralizer while elongated ceria nanoplates (Lnanoplates, Figure 1 e) with a...
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