Background: Self-medication is using medicines without a prescription or health professional advice. Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are commonly used in self-medication. Knowledge and practices of selfmedication is required to be assessed to ensure appropriate uses of medicines.Objective: This study is to examine public knowledge and practices of self-medication in Subdistrict of Ngaglik,
Introduction: The use of herbal medicines in the community is increasing, both in developing and developed countries.. Most people use herbal medicine for generations or based on experience. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the public knowledge about herbal medicine to support the use of herbal medicines appropriately and correctly Objective : To determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristic with public knowledge level about herbal medicine in Sleman Regency. Methods: Survey research conducted on the people of Minggir and Cangkringan districts, Sleman Regency. Sampling of 240 respondents was done by cluster sampling method. Data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires that have been validated to the public. The correct answer was counted and scored, then responden who score greater or equal to the mean were grouped into good knowledge, whereas those who score less than mean were grouped into poor knowledge. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate by chi-square test. Result : The majority of respondents were women (61.2%) and the most age was 26-45 years (46.7%). The respondents' knowledge is the best in the domain of how to use herbal medicine with an average percentage of correct answers 67.6%. In the domain of side effects, the average percentage of answers is only 47.7%. Overall respondents who had a good level of knowledge were 66.2% and respondents who were poorly knowledgeable were 33.8%. The results of the bivariate analysis showed no correlation between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge level about herbal medicine (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Most people in Sleman Regency have good knowledge about herbal medicine. However, education still needs to be done about herbal medicines, especially the efficacy and side effects.
Background: WHO found that the inappropriate use of medicine still become a big problem in the world. Therefore, pharmacy services evaluation must be done to improve the appropriate use of medicine.Objective: This study aims to know the pharmacy services based on WHO patient-care indicators and to determine the correlations between socio-demographic characteristics and patient knowledge about medicine use. Method: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted by using the WHO patient-care indicator on 211 regular outpatients or non-insurance at one of private hospital in Yogyakarta. This study used disproportionate stratified random sampling method. Data were collected by observation and interview the patient and analyzed by using WHO patient-care indicator. The relation between socio-demographic characteristics and patient knowledge were analyzed using chi-square and spearmen test. Results: The average of dispensing time was 47.52 second and 99.4% medicines dispensed. Percentage of medicine labelled was 92.26% and only 36,5% patients know about the medicines use. Based on statistical analysis, there was no correlation between level of patient knowledge with age (p=0.218) and gender (p=0.209). Otherwise, education (p=0.005) was correlated with level of patient knowledge. Conclusion:The pharmacy services in hospital was good, but pharmacist still need to improve communication to patients about medicines they received. Whereas, education have relationship with patient level knowledge.
Background: Vaccine cold-chain distribution system must be monitored to guarantee the vaccine quality. Improper vaccine distribution system can cause damage and loss of efficacy. Therefore, the Indonesian government released some regulations to manage the vaccine cold-chain system, including the Good Distribution Practices for Pharmaceutical Products (Cara Distribusi Obat yang Baik/CDOB) in 2012 and Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 42 in 2013 (PMK 42/2013). Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the vaccine distribution system in primary healthcare (PHCs). Methods: A survey was conducted in 30 PHCs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Data were collected by observing the vaccine distribution system in PHCs using checklists developed based on CDOB 2012 and PMK 42/2013. Results: The study showed that the personnel in 24 PHCs (80%) checked the condition of the temperature monitoring device and Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM) while receiving the vaccines. Furthermore, all PHCs (100%) had both cool packs and vaccine carriers, whereas those having cold packs were only 2 (7%). First expired -first out (FEFO) and first in -first out (FIFO) systems were implemented in 30 (100%) and 28 (93%) PHCs, respectively. Conclusion:The results indicated that most of the PHCs in Yogyakarta Special Region had implemented a good vaccine distribution system, yet they still need improvement especially in vaccine recording procedures. Latar Belakang: Sistem distribusi vaksin harus dimonitor secara rutin untuk menjamin kualitas vaksin. Sistem distribusi vaksin yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan kerusakan serta penurunan efikasi vaksin. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan peraturan dalam pengelolaan sistem rantai dingin (cold chain) vaksin, yaitu pedoman Cara distribusi Obat yang Baik (CDOB) tahun 2012 dan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Npmor 42 tahun 2013 (PMK 42/2013). Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan sistem distribusi vaksin di Puskemas. Metode: Penelitian survei dilakukan pada 30 Puskesmas di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan ceklis untuk mengamati sistem distribusi vaksin di Puskesmas. Ceklis dibuat berdasarkan pada CDOB 2012 dan PMK 42/2013. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa personil di 24 Puskesmas (80%) memeriksa kondisi alat pemantau suhu dan Vaksin Vial Monitor (VVM) saat menerima vaksin. Seluruh puskesmas (100%) telah memiliki cool pack dan vaccine carrier, namun hanya 2 (7%) puskesmas yang memiliki cold pack. Sistem First expiredfirst out (FEFO) dilakukan oleh 30 (100%) puskesmas, sedangkan first in -first out (FIFO) dilakukan oleh
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