ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakuan di Desa Kemiri Kecamatan Jabung Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat profil atapun latar belakang dari peternakan di Desa Kemiri dalam peningkatan usaha Peternakan. Responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah peternak yang ada didesa Kemiri dengan metode survey. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha peternakan sapi perah masih dapat menarik minat masyarakat, upaya peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi susu masih perlu dibantu dalam hal sarana dan prasarana, yang diikuti dengan peningkatan pemahaman dan kesadaran untuk memperbaiki manajemen pengelolaan usaha, pemasaran susu yang dilakukan oleh koperasi, masih memerlukan bantuan proteksi dari pemerintah untuk meningkatkan mutu Desa dalam produksi peternakan susu sapi perah. Kata kunci : peternakan; kemiri; jabung; sapi ABSTRACT This research was conducted in Kemiri Village, Jabung District, Malang Regency. This study aims to look at the profile and background of the farm in Kemiri Village in improving the Livestock business. Respondents used in this study were farmers in Kemiri village with survey methods. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the dairy farming business can still attract public interest, efforts to increase the quantity and quality of milk production still need to be assisted in terms of facilities and infrastructure, which is followed by an increase in understanding and awareness to improve business management, milk marketing carried out by cooperative, still need protection assistance from the government to improve the quality of the Village in the production of dairy cattle dairy farms.
ABSTRAK : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahui jumlah kasus mastitis subklinis di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Pujon Kabupaten Malang dengan menggunakan metode survei. Kriteria peternak yang dipilih minimal sudah 2 (dua) tahun memelihara sapi perah. Sebanyak 110 ekor sapi perah laktasi dari Dusun Maron Sebaluh Desa Pandesari dan 103 ekor sapi perah Dusun Bakir di Desa Sukomulyo diperiksa terhadap mastitis subklinis dengan menggunakan Uji Mastitis California (CMT). Selain itu, pengamatan langsung terhadap perawatan pasca pemerahan dan kepemilikan digester biogas dan juga wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dilakukan untuk mendukung data. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan statistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Maron Sebaluh persentase sapi dengan mastitis subklinis mencapai 58,18%, 10,00% mastitis klinis dan 31,82% negatif. Sedangkan di Bakir, mastitis subklinis mencapai 59,22%, mastitis klinis 0,97% dan 39,81% negatif. Jumlah sapi yang menderita mastitis (subklinis dan klinis) dan mendapat pengobatan pencelupan pasca-pemerahan dengan antiseptik hanya 28 ekor sapi, lebih sedikit daripada yang hanya dibilas dengan air yang mencapai 107 ekor sapi. Kepemilikan digester biogas tidak akan secara otomatis mengurangi kasus mastitis karena perilaku petani dalam menjaga kebersihan kandang tidak terjaga. Setiap posisi puting sapi berisiko terinfeksi mikroorganisme yang menyebabkan mastitis.Kata kunci: Mastitis, Subklinis, Pujon, Kabupaten Malang ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to find out how much cases of subclinical mastitis in Pujon district, Malang regency. This research was conducted in Pujon District of Malang Regency by using survey method. The inclusion criteria of farmers is minimum 2 (two) years of dairy cows. As many as 110 heads of lactation dairy cows from Maron Sebaluh hamlet in Pandesari village and 103 heads of Bakir hamlet in Sukomulyo village were examined against mastitis by using California Mastitis Test (CMT). In addition, direct observation of post-milking treatment and ownership of biogas digesters and as well as interviews using questionnaires was conducted to support data. Data were analyzed descriptively and by using simple statistics. The results showed that in Maron Sebaluh the percentage of cows with subclinical mastitis reached 58.18%, 10.00 % of clinical mastitis and 31.82% negative. Whereas in Bakir, subclinical mastitis reached 59.22%, clinical mastitis 0.97% and 39.81% negative. The number of cows that suffered from mastitis (subclinical and clinical) and got the treatment of dipping post-milking with antiseptic is only 28 cows, fewer than that treated with rinse water, 107 cows. Ownership of biogas digester will not automatically reduce the case of mastitis since the behaviour of farmers in keeping barn hygiene is not maintained. Every position of cow's teat have risk to be infected by microorganisms that caused mastitis.
This study aims at determining the ability of yeast Rhodotorula sp. to inhibit the infection and anthracnose disease on chili during the test both in the laboratory and on the field. The fructosphere isolation resulted in seven yeast isolates of Rhodotorula sp whose colonies are pink, reddish, coral. On the Rodhotorula the medium of glucose peptone yeast agar extract, well known as GPY medium, the mucoid colony appeared to be soft with a smooth surface. The edge of the colony was flat while the cell is oval and hyaline and it reproduces by single cell budding. The yeast cell formed faint capsules. There was no finding of any ascospore. There was no finding of existing true hyphae nor pseudohyphae. The laboratory test, all the yeast of Rhodotorula sp. isolates were effective in inhibiting the anthracnose disease which was to reduce the diameter of anthracnose spot. The inhibition effectiveness was ranging around 35-73% on the bruised chili fruit condition. The Rhodotorula sp. during the field test was effective in controlling the anthracnose disease caused by Colletoreichum acutatum fungi. The effectiveness was shown by the reduction of the visible intensity of the disease. The controlling effectiveness reached 97%.
One way to overcome these pathogens is to spray plant extract, e.g., purple cleome plant (spider or bee plant -Cleome rutidosperma Linn.) extracts as organic fungicides (Aliyu and Prasad, 2020). Purple Cleome plant extract has a chemical compound, thiogluco-Abstract | One disease that often attacks chili (Capsicum L.) is anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici [(Syd.) E.J. Butler & Bisby]. In the field, C. capsici is controlled with a chemical fungicide that harms the environment. The purple Cleome plant (Spider plant -Cleome rutidosperma Linn.) can be extracted and function as an organic fungicide for environment-friendly control. This research aimed to examine the type and concentration of purple cleome extract metabolites and understand their effectiveness in inhibiting C. capsici. Purple cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol, and then the supernatant is purified using a centrifuge. The metabolic analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparing the data with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to obtain specific metabolites. The inhibition test was done with one control (P0: chemical fungicide) and two-level of treatment, i.e., the concentration of purple Cleome extract (P1: 80 % and P2: 40 %), then ANOVA and HSD test were carried out to find out the best treatment. The purple Cleome leaf extract contained three metabolite compounds as organic fungicides, namely propanoic acid 4.12 %, phenol 8.38 %, and isopropyl myristate 15.86 %. The inhibition test confirmed that 80 % (P2) purple cleome extract could suppress C. capsici attack up to 16.67 %, significantly higher than chemical fungicide (24.4 %).
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