Land-use changes or land conversion issues not only poses a threat of ecological or environmental, but also trigger a variety of dynamics and complexity of social relations in it. West Cilebut Villages has been the target of investors and developers of housing since the 1990s, and now the West Cilebut Villages has changed from an area full of green “romantic” village, into the region filled with concrete. Therefore, this study was conducted to answer fundamental issues related to the issue of land conversion in the West Cilebut Village, first is to see the map and interests between actors in relation to land conversion in the West Cilebut Village, and second to know the social interactions dynamics that occur in West Cilebut community, following the land conversion from the farm into housing estates. The results showed that there are three main actors in relation to issues of land use change in West Cilebut Village: (1) The Housing Developer; (2) Village Apparatus / Government; (3) Society; where the three actors have a role and importance of different orientations. Meanwhile, social interaction between housing and rural communities basically shows a relationship of mutual need. Construction of housing community that luxurious and exclusive slowly turns into inclusive and reflect a resiprocity of the two communities.
The Akit community generally uses mangrove wood as raw material for charcoal. The purpose of this study was to analyze (a) the development of the charcoal-making business, (b) the type of social action in the Akit community's charcoal-making business, and (c) the dynamics of the charcoal-making business. This research was conducted using an ethnographic approach. The results: from the 1980s to 1994, production was initially regulated solely to meet local needs. In the era of 1995 to 2005, it experienced a high market demand for mangrove charcoal along with a flourishing business network with Malaysian toke. After 2005 the charcoal business dimmed again due to government regulations. The actors involved in the charcoal business are workers, owners of very small panglongs, and owners of small panglongs (tokes). The social action run the panglong business as an effort to meet their family needs, and thus they worked based on instrumental rationality. These charcoal-making entrepreneurs operated their businesses based on instrumental and traditional actions. The social action of the toke actor is instrumental rationality and value-oriented rationality. The dynamics of the charcoal business in the Akit community have experienced ups and downs.
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