Background: A child’s normal speech and language development depends on the ability to hear. Early detection of hearing loss by screening at or shortly after birth and appropriate intervention are critical to speech, language and cognitive development. Objectives were to describe socio-epidemiological profile of newborns for hearing loss screening by transient evoked oto-acoustic emissions (TEOAE) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) in Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, Jharkhand, India during 18 months period (June 2015- November 2016), and to study association between hearing loss and risk factors.Methods: This prospective study was done on 4356 newborns for hearing screening by TEOAE in maternity ward and NICU and BERA in those noted “refer” on retest TEOAE at RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India during the period of 18 months (June 2015 - November 2016). Follow- up done by visits and phone calls. Templates were generated in MS excel sheet and data analysis was done using SPSS software (version 20).Results: Study showed 3.90/1000 newborns were noted “refer” on retest TEOAE. Hearing loss (BERA- Fail) is slightly more common in males (2.20/1000 newborns), of rural areas (2.44/1000 newborns), tribal ethnicity (2.75/1000 newborns) and those delivered by lower section caesarean section (LSCS) (4.47/1000 newborns). Hearing loss noted in 2.07/1000 newborns. Among high risk newborns 21.41/1000 newborns were noted “refer” on retest TEOAE and 11.53 were found BERA fail.Conclusions: Hearing loss was 21.71 times more common in newborns associated with high risk factors, mainly low birth weight and preterm newborns.
Cancer is a class of diseases in which a cell or a group of cells display uncontrolled growth, invasion, and sometimes metastasis. The term head and neck cancer refers to a group of biologically similar cancers originating from the upper aerodigestive tract, including the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and larynx. About 90% of head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, originating from the mucosal lining (epithelium) of these regions. Radiation therapy is the most common form of treatment along with surgery and chemotherapy. There are different forms of radiation therapy, including 3D conformal radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy and brachytherapy, which are commonly used in the treatment of cancers of the head and neck. There are both acute and long-term sequelae of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) that occur because of effects on normal tissues. Radiotherapy-induced oral complications are complex, dynamic pathobiological processes that lower the quality of life and predispose patients to serious clinical disorders. Radiotherapy-induced damage in the oral mucosa is the result of the deleterious effects of radiation, not only on the oral mucosa itself but also on the adjacent salivary glands, bone, dentition, and masticatory musculature and apparatus.Dental surgeons should organize and implement preventive and therapeutic strategies in the management of various complications due to radiotherapy. The clinical features, diagnosis and management of various complications are discussed here. This article mainly presents a brief overview of the whole program of oral evaluation and proper care before, during and after the radiotherapy, managing all the common problems involved.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is hearing impairment resulting from exposure to loud sound. People may have a loss of perception of a narrow range of frequencies, impaired cognitive perception of sound, or other impairment, including sensitivity to sound or ringing in the ears. NIHL is 2<sup>nd</sup> most common cause of hearing loss, next to presbycusis. Most of the population of developing countries is ignorant of the hazards of excessive noise exposure. 1) To describe the socio-demograpic profile of patients in the young age group (18-35 years) with noise induced hearing loss in Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi during June 2015- November 2016. 2) To study the major presenting complaints. 3) To categorize the patients on the basis of degree of hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Data for study was collected from RIMS Out Patient Department (OPD) register during period June 2015 – November 2016 (18 months).Total sample size for this period was 50. Templates were generated in MS excel sheet and data analysis was done using SPSS software (version 20). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Study showed NIHL was more common in urban (82%) and male (72%) population. More than half (54%) patients presented with hearing loss and 24% with tinnitus. Most of the patients had bilateral mild hearing loss (70%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> NIHL is more common in urban males, mostly in age group (26-35 years). More than 2/3<sup>rd</sup> (68% ) of patients had history of exposure to loud noise. </p>
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal cavity may contain wide variety of masses within by which this organ differs from the rest of the body. Benign nasal and paranasal sinus masses are commonly encountered in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to classify various types of sinonasal masses and characterize their clinico-epidemiological profile in a tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand. The objectives of the study was<strong> </strong> to evaluate the clinico-epidemiological profile of nasal masses in patients attending ear, nose, throat and head and neck surgery (ENT & HNS) OPD of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi from January 2013 to December 2015) and to classify the nasal masses according to their percentage of occurrence<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective study was designed for evaluation of clinico-epidemiological data collected from admission register of ENT Dept. RIMS, Ranchi during the period of 2013 to 2015. Total sample size for this period was 240. Templates were generated in MS Excel sheets and analysis was done using SSPS software<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> With the three year data analysis of 240 patients, we came up with the result that nasal masses were more common in age group of <20 years (52%), occurred more in males (68.4%), most of the patients were tribals (72.9%), mostly from rural areas (60%), and maximum of them were diagnosed as antrochoanal polyps (37.9%). The most common presenting complain was nasal obstruction (85.8%), followed by nasal discharge (52.9%)<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Antrochoanal polyp is the most common type of nasal masses presenting mostly in tribal males from rural areas of Jharkhand, presenting with nasal obstruction<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.