BACKGROUND: Parent to child transmission is the most important source of HIV infection in pediatric age group. Antenatal , natal and post natal periods are crucial time for transmission of Human Immune-deficiency Virus infection from mother to child. OBJECTIVE: There are about 1.9 million expected pregnancies in a year in Rajasthan. With HIV prevalence rate amongst women attending ANC services is 0.19% (HIV sentinel surveillance report of 2008) a large number of pregnant women are expected to be HIV positive. There is about 30% a high rate of risk of HIV transmission from HIV infected mothers to their children. By ensuring safe delivery with mandatory services and preventive measures this transmission can be stopped. Therefore testing and counseling of every pregnant women for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) / Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is of vital importance to forestall spread of HIV infection by this route. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Present study is carried out to evaluate status of HIV Testing and counseling of pregnant women in year 2011-2012 in Rajasthan state and to assess measures taken to reduce transmission from mother to child to achieve zero transmission status in new born. RESULTS: The study reveals that only 4, 16, 343 pregnant women i.e. only 21.91 % were tested in the year 2011-12 out of estimated 1.9 million pregnancies every year in Rajasthan state and 454 pregnant women i.e. only 12.39% were detected HIV positive out of about 3600 expected to be positive during that period. CONCLUSION: It is observed that around 1000 new born children in Rajasthan are likely to get transmission of HIV infection from unidentified positive pregnant women every year. This can be prevented by ensuring and HIV testing and by enhancing facilities for safe delivery of every pregnant women.
BACKGROUND: Sparse published data are available in indexed journals regarding burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in Tuberculosis (TB) cases in Rajasthan. OBJECTIVE: HIV infection is a global pandemic which may trigger the occurrence of opportunistic infections, Tuberculosis (TB) being very common. There is strong association between HIV, TB coinfection and a high mortality among HIV-infected TB patients. Therefore this study is undertaken to evaluate status of HIV, TB and its co-infection and their analysis in Rajasthan state. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Present study is carried out to evaluate HIV, TB and their co-infection status analysis in Rajasthan state during January to December 2012. This retrospective study is done to analyze data of patients registered under Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) at designated centers and at Integrated Counseling & Testing Centers in Rajasthan during the period from January 2012 to December 2012. RESULTS: During this period out of 37,310 patients of TB 395 were HIV positive and out of 14,827 cases referred from ICTC to RNTCP 4,536 were HIV positive. In the present study various data entered and recorded were collected, compiled and subsequently evaluated, analyzed and interpreted details recorded in text. CONCLUSION: High Prevalence of TB 1296 /14827 (8.74%) in referrals from ICTC to RNTCP and a high positivity for HIV 395/37310 (1.06%) in TB patients referred from RNTCP centers to ICTC has been observed. It suggests and points to high positivity and strong association between HIV and TB and its co infection in Rajasthan state.
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