A high triplet energy level (E) of ca. 2.83 eV has been achieved in a novel polymer backbone through tuning the arrangement of two kinds of building blocks, showing enhanced hole injection/transporting capacity. Based on this new polymer backbone with high E, both blue and white phosphorescent polymers were successfully developed with a trade-off between high E and enhanced charge-carrier transporting ability. In addition, their photophysical features, electrochemical behaviors, and electroluminescent (EL) properties have been characterized in detail. Benefitting from the advantages associated with the novel polymer backbone, the blue phosphorescent polymers show top-ranking EL performances with a maximum luminance efficiency (η) of 15.22 cd A, corresponding to a power efficiency (η) of 12.64 lm W, and external quantum efficiency (η) of 6.22% and the stable Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.19, 0.38). Furthermore, blue-orange (B-O) complementary-colored white phosphorescent polymers based on this novel polymer backbone were also obtained showing encouraging EL efficiencies of 12.34 cd A, 9.59 lm W, and 4.10% in the optimized WOLED together with exceptionally stable CIE coordinates of (Δx = 0.014, Δy = 0.010) in a wide driving voltage range from 4 to 16 V. All of these attractive EL results achieved by these novel phosphorescent polymers show the great potential of this new polymer backbone in developing highly efficient phosphorescent polymers.

With the aim of evaluating the potential of selenium-containing groups in developing electroluminescent (EL) materials, a series of asymmetric heteroleptic Ir(III) phosphorescent complexes (Ir-Se0F, Ir-Se1F, Ir-Se2F, and Ir-Se3F) have been synthesized by using 2-selenophenylpyridine and one ppy-type (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine) ligand with a fluorinated selenide group. To the best of our knowledge, these complexes represent unprecedented examples of asymmetric heteroleptic Ir(III) phosphorescent emitters bearing selenium-containing groups. Natural transition orbital (NTO) analysis based on optimized geometries of the first triplet state (T) have shown that the phosphorescent emissions of these Ir(III) complexes dominantly show π-π* features of the 2-selenophenylpyridine ligand with slight metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) contribution. In comparison with their symmetric parent complex Ir-Se with two 2-selenophenylpyridine ligands, these asymmetric heteroleptic Ir(III) phosphorescent complexes can show much higher phosphorescent quantum yields (Φ) of ca. 0.90. Both the hole- and electron-trapping ability of these Ir(III) phosphorescent complexes can be enhanced by selenophene and fluorinated selenide groups to improve their EL efficiencies. The EL abilities of these asymmetric heteroleptic Ir(III) phosphorescent emitters fall in the order Ir-Se3F > Ir-Se2F > Ir-Se1F > Ir-Se0F. The highest EL efficiencies have been achieved by Ir-Se3F in the solution-processed OLEDs with external quantum efficiency (η), current efficiency (η), and power efficiency (η) of 19.9%, 65.6 cd A, and 57.3 lm W, respectively. These encouraging EL results clearly indicate the great potential of selenium-containing groups in developing high-performance Ir(III) phosphorescent emitters.

Two series of Pt(ii) acetylide complexes containing dimesitylborane and phenyl terminal groups with star- and V-shaped configurations were synthesized.

Bis-ZnII salphen coordination polymers with functional ditopic ligands can exhibit higher EL efficiencies compared to their analogues.

No abstract

BACKGROUNDEconomic technology of advanced nitrogen removal of municipal wastewater is urgently needed. In this study, anammox biofilter (A‐BF) as a carbon‐ and energy‐saving advanced nitrogen removal process was tested under the conditions of sewage secondary effluent.RESULTSThe results showed that A‐BF could be successfully started up under total nitrogen (TN) of both 25 and 75 mg L−1 within 30 days at 25 °C. It achieved a nitrogen removal rate of 0.62 ± 0.08 kg‐N m−3 d−1 with nitrogen loading rate of 1.35 kg‐N m−3 d−1 at TN of 17 mg L−1. The ceramsite bed was conducive to the formation of biofilm and enrichment of functional microorganisms. The volatile suspended solid reached 1.39–7.33 g L−1, in which the abundance of the typical anammox bacteria Candidatus_Brocadia and Candidatus_Kuenenia occupied 0.96–1.35% and 0.29–0.92%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSOverall, under low TN concentration and high nitrogen load, A‐BF could be a candidate technique for advanced nitrogen removal of municipal sewage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.