No abstract

<p>Gelatin, a proteinaceous additive, is obtained from hydrolysis of collagen in the bone, hide and skin of animals. As natural product, gelatin has been applied in many industries with various functions. This study attempt to characterize gelatin profile of broiler chicken (<em>Gallus domestica</em>) using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The chicken bone was pretreated using a strong base, sodium hydroxide, producing type B gelatin. The gelatin was purified through precipitation using the variation of ammonium sulfate concentrations (40-70%) and dialysis using cellophane membrane. The purified gelatin was characterized through SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Based on electrophoresis visualization, reduction of band intensity by ammonium sulfate 40% showed removal of small peptide fragments. The remained gelatin showed two major bands, α-chains and a β-chain with the respective molecular weight of ~135 and ~245 kDa. The protein content of the unpurified gelatin (E1) was 71.65±0.60 mg/L.  The purified E1 gelatins by 40-70% of ammonium sulfate addition contained 61.42±3.90, 60.45±1.36, 59.89±0.24, and 55.32±1.05 mg/L of protein concentration, respectively.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: chicken bone, gelatin profile, protein electrophoresis</p>

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu Terms of use: Documents in WIDER Working Paper 2016/59Is feed-in-tariff policy effective for increasing deployment of renewable energy in Indonesia?Dewi Yuliani* May 2016In partnership with * Independent Researcher, Indonesia; deyul.2013@gmail.com. This study has been prepared within the UNU-WIDER project on 'The Political Economy of Clean Energy Transitions'. Copyright © UNU-WIDER 2016Information and requests: publications@wider.unu.edu ISSN 1798-7237 ISBN 978-92-9256-102-4 Typescript prepared by Lesley Ellen.The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.The Institute is funded through income from an endowment fund with additional contributions to its work programme from Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Katajanokanlaituri 6 B, 00160 Helsinki, FinlandThe views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Institute or the United Nations University, nor the programme/project donors. Abstract:To accelerate the deployment of renewable energy technologies and to secure the electricity supply, the Government of Indonesia has issued several feed-in-tariff regulations for various renewable energy sources, which were previously predominated by pilot projects using government funding. The feed-in tariff is a policy instrument that has been successfully applied in many other countries to support renewable electricity, and it is known for its simplicity in implementation. This study undertakes exploratory research to evaluate how the policy works in Indonesia, not only as stated in official reports, but also in the field. The study's results show that while the policy triggers investment interest in renewable power plants, there are many obstacles encountered at the deployment stage due to imperfections in the feed-in-tariff policy package and some non-cost factors. In addition, several unanticipated side effects were identified at the local level as a consequence of the upturn in investment interest. The study indicat...

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Broiler chicken [Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)] bone is one of the alternative sources of collagen to form gelatin. This research was attempted to extract and characterize broiler chicken bone gelatin. Chicken bones were pretreated with phosphoric acid in various concentrations and curing times. The concentration of phosphoric acid was 8 %, 9 % and 10 %, while the curing time was 12 h and 24 h. Then, gelatin was extracted and physicochemical properties examined. Gelatin was pretreated by phosphoric acid 9 % for 24 h produced the best physicochemical properties with (15.4 ± 0.94) % of yield. Moisture, ash content, and pH of chicken bones gelatin were (3.96 ± 1.46) %, (24.0 ± 6.36) %, and (5.74 ± 0.003) %, respectively. Other physiochemical properties were (372.29 ± 4.62) g bloom of gel strength, (54.21 ± 1.24) % of protein content, and (60.21 ± 0.72) % of emulsion stability. Infrared spectra of chicken bones gelatin had the most with vibration peak at the wave number of 1 639 cm −1 to the amide I, of 1 545 cm −1 to the amide II, of 1 129 cm −1 to the amide III, of 2 292 cm −1 to the amide B, and 3 456 cm −1 to the amide A.